基于BIM技术的全寿命周期风险管理实践研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 09:06

本文选题：建筑工程 + BIM技术　；参考：《南昌大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济和技术的飞速发展,建筑项目规模变得越来越大、周期更长、技术难度更高、涉及到的单位众多等特点,导致在建筑项目管理的各个阶段都存在大量的未知因素、随机因素和模糊因素,并随时间而变化,由此造成的风险直接威胁工程项目目标的无法实现或达不到预期效果。由此带来的损失十分巨大,因此需要对项目全寿命周期风险因素进行识别、评估、制定出合理的对策并跟踪实施,才能使风险的影响控制在可以接受的范围以内。而传统的风险管理模式存在诸多弊端,割裂式的风险管理方式将影响到对项目全寿命周期的风险识别、评估、以及风险对策的制定等一系列风险管理活动。同时也给建筑业的快速发展带来瓶颈。建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,以下简写为BIM)技术的出现给建筑业提供了新的机遇,也为建筑工程全寿命周期管理(Building Lifecycle Management,以下简写为BLM)理念提供了有效的实现方式,它以三维数字模型为基础,便于建筑项目从策划阶段、设计阶段、施工阶段和运营阶段等全过程提供所需的各种信息和知识共享服务,从而有效的消除项目全生命周期内各参与方的横向信息流失和纵向交流障碍,打破了建筑业发展瓶颈,使得项目的各参与方在各个阶段进行实时数据共享、协作和沟通交流也都变得十分便利。同时BIM将在很大程度上提高风险管理的集成化程度,并使得建筑全寿命周期管理(BLM)理念得以快速推广,从而提高全寿命周期风险管理的效率、降低风险的发生,消除影响项目目标实现的各种不利因素,为建筑企业带来效益。目前BIM技术还没有被用来解决建设项目全寿命周期风险管理问题。因此,论文中引用BIM技术来探讨基于BLM理念的风险管理中的研究,为以后的建筑项目风险管理提供重要的实践参考价值。本论文研究的框架如下： (1)提出问题和找到解决问题方法：通过对建筑业的发展现状介绍,找出传统模式下项目风险管理存在的不足之处,在此基础之上引入了BIM技术与建筑项目全寿命周期管理(BLM)理念,并提出通过引入BIM技术和全寿命周期风险管理理念来解决当前建筑项目风险管理中的现存问题。 (2)BIM技术和BLM理念以及两者之间的关系介绍：首先从建筑业信息化角度,分别对BIM技术和BLM理念进行了详细的介绍,从而得出,BIM技术的应用是实现BLM理念的前提,而BLM理念的实现是BIM技术在建筑项目实际运用中的价值最大化体现。 (3)解决问题方法的适用性及实践应用下的优势介绍：首先通过分析我国现行模式下风险管理过程的局限,找出影响到建筑项目全寿命周期风险管瓶颈的主要问题,然后结合BIM的技术优势来探讨基于BIM技术的全寿命周期风险管理过程的适用性。然后通过对BIM技术应用于全寿命周期各阶段下风险管理过程中的实践应用介绍,找出其实践过程中的独特价值优势,并再一次印证BIM技术应用于全寿命周期风险管理过程是适用的。 (4)工程案例应用分析：通过引用一个实际工程应用案例,对其全寿命周期下的风险管理各阶段进行了详细剖析,探讨了基于BIM技术下的全寿命周期风险管理过程获得的成果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country ' s economy and technology , the scale of the construction project becomes more and more big , the cycle is longer , the technical difficulty is higher , which involves many characteristics of the unit , which leads to a great deal of unknown factors , random factors and fuzzy factors at all stages of the construction project management .

Building Information Modeling ( BIM ) technology has provided new opportunities for the construction industry . It also provides the effective way to realize the whole life cycle management ( Building Lifecycle Management , hereinafter abbreviated as blm ) , which is based on the three - dimensional digital model , so as to effectively eliminate the horizontal information loss and vertical communication barriers of all participants in the whole life cycle of the project , thus effectively eliminating the risk management problems of the construction industry . At the same time , the BIM technology is not used to solve the risk management problem of the whole life cycle of the construction project . Therefore , the BIM technology is used in the paper to discuss the research in risk management based on the concept of the blm , and to provide important practical reference value for the future construction project risk management .

The framework of this paper is as follows :

( 1 ) Put forward the problem and find the problem solving method : by introducing the present situation of the construction industry , finding out the shortcomings of the project risk management in the traditional mode , introducing the BIM technology and the whole life cycle management ( blm ) idea of the building project , and proposing to solve the existing problems in the current building project risk management by introducing the BIM technology and the whole life cycle risk management idea .

( 2 ) The BIM technology and the concept of blm and the relationship between them are introduced : firstly , the BIM technology and the concept of blm are introduced in detail from the angle of information of the construction industry , so that the application of BIM technology is the premise of realizing the concept of blm , and the realization of the concept of blm is the value maximization of the BIM technology in the practical application of the construction project .

( 3 ) The applicability of the problem - solving method and the advantages of practical application : Firstly , by analyzing the limitations of the risk management process in the current mode of our country , the paper finds out the main problems affecting the whole life cycle risk pipe bottleneck of the construction project , then discusses the applicability of the whole life cycle risk management process based on the BIM technology in combination with the technical advantages of the BIM . Then , the application of the BIM technology in the risk management process at each stage of the full - life cycle is introduced to find out the unique value advantage in the practice process , and then the application of the BIM technology in the whole life cycle risk management process is applicable .

( 4 ) Application and Analysis of Engineering Case : Through the reference of a practical project application case , the risk management stages under the full life cycle of the project are analyzed in detail , and the results obtained based on the whole life cycle risk management process under BIM technology are discussed .

【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU712

【参考文献】