基于绿色建筑理念的夏热冬冷地区小型公共建筑节能设计实践

发布时间：2018-05-25 08:24

本文选题：绿色建筑 + 小型公共建筑　；参考：《湖南工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速发展，建筑业在我国社会总能耗中所占比重越来越大，其能源需求也日益增大。夏热冬冷地区作为我国人口密度最大、建筑分布较密集，建筑能源消耗量较大。其中特别是小型公共建筑单位面积能耗高，能源消耗总量不可忽视。因此为降低夏热冬冷地区建筑物能源消耗并提高建筑物环境质量，对该地区小型公共建筑开展绿色建筑节能设计具有非常重要意义。近年来，绿色建筑节能技术以其在建筑物应用当中能提供人们舒适、高效、节能的使用空间越来越引起人们广泛的关注和研究，并取得了大量理论和实践成果。本文利用绿色建筑理念和绿色建筑设计理论提出了针对资兴市地震台项目的绿色建筑节能技术设计策略，主要包括：为改善室内环境质量的自然通风设计；结合当地周边自然条件充分利用东江湖自然资源的建筑空调和太阳能生活热水节能系统设计；考虑绿色建筑理念的节水与水资源利用的取水方案设计和建筑给排水系统设计；体现节材和材料利用的蒸汽加气混凝土砌块的外墙设计；为提高室内空气质量品质和节能与的地面防潮隔热设计；体现建筑节能提高运行管理节能的屋顶和种植屋面设计。本文针对绿色建筑节能技术措施，主要通过实验研究、模拟计算、对比分析等方法验证绿色建筑节能设计技术措施，以满足绿色建筑评价标准的要求。首先，对在本文提出的绿色建筑理念的策略指导下设计的建筑物围护结构，包括建筑物的外墙、防潮隔热层，屋顶等采用热流计法检测了传热系数等参数，发现采用蒸汽加气混凝土砌块的外墙和防潮隔热地面传热系数均小于1.0W/m~2·K，采用保温及种植屋面技术的屋顶传热系数小于0.7W/m~2·K，满足《公共建筑节能设计标准》的要求，符合绿色建筑设计目标；其次，通过对建筑物周围环境的数据测试，发现受当地环境的影响建筑物周围常年风速较大，，利用计算流体力学风环境模拟软件对建筑物室外风环境和室内流场进行了模拟，发现夏季在正南风4.0m/s的条件下建筑物周边有良好的自然通风潜力且室内通风状态良好，冬季在西北风3.0m/s的条件下则有利于建筑物避风保温，同时根据模拟结果提出了进一步改善建筑物周围微环境和提高围护结构性能的技术措施；最后，论文采用能耗模拟软件对实体建筑进行了节能分析，结果显示按照绿色建筑理念的节能设计效果较好，比建筑初步设计方案节能超过60%，满足设计和节能目标要求。通过本文的研究，为有着特殊地理位置，独特资源环境的小型公共绿色建筑的设计提供了借鉴和参考，同时也有利于绿色建筑节能技术的推广。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the construction industry accounts for more and more energy consumption in our society, and its energy demand is increasing day by day. The hot summer and cold winter area is the largest population density, the building distribution is denser, the building energy consumption is large. Among them, the energy consumption per unit area of small public buildings is high, and the total energy consumption can not be ignored. Therefore, in order to reduce the energy consumption of buildings in hot summer and cold winter area and improve the environmental quality of buildings, it is very important for the small public buildings in this area to carry out the green building energy saving design. In recent years, green building energy saving technology has attracted more and more attention and research for its comfort, efficiency and energy saving space in the application of buildings, and has made a lot of theoretical and practical achievements. Based on the idea of green building and the theory of green building design, this paper puts forward the design strategy of energy saving technology of green building for the earthquake station project of Zixing city, including: the design of natural ventilation for improving indoor environment quality; The design of building air conditioning and solar domestic hot water energy saving system based on the natural condition of Dongjiang Lake, the design of water saving scheme and building water supply and sewerage system considering the concept of green building and the utilization of water resources; The exterior wall design of steam aerated concrete block which embodies the utilization of saving materials and materials; the design of roof and planting roof for improving indoor air quality and energy saving and ground moisture-proof and heat insulation; reflecting building energy saving, improving operation and management energy saving roof and planting roof design. In order to meet the requirements of green building evaluation standard, this paper verifies the technical measures of green building energy-saving design by means of experimental research, simulation calculation, comparative analysis and so on. First of all, the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope structure designed under the guidance of the green building concept proposed in this paper, including the exterior wall of the building, the moisture-proof insulation layer, the roof and so on, is measured by using the heat flux method. It is found that the heat transfer coefficient of exterior wall and moisture-proof insulation ground of steam aerated concrete block is less than 1.0W/m~2 K, and the heat transfer coefficient of roof with insulation and planting roof technology is less than 0.7W/m~2 K, which meets the requirements of "Standard for Energy Saving Design of Public buildings". Secondly, by testing the data of the surrounding environment of the building, we find that the wind speed around the building is larger than that around the local environment. The outdoor wind environment and indoor flow field of buildings are simulated by using computational fluid dynamics wind environment simulation software. It is found that there is good natural ventilation potential and good indoor ventilation condition in summer under the condition of positive south wind 4.0m/s. In winter, under the condition of northwest wind 3.0m/s, it is advantageous for buildings to avoid wind and heat preservation. According to the simulation results, the technical measures to further improve the micro-environment around the building and improve the performance of the enclosure structure are put forward. The energy saving analysis of solid buildings is carried out by using energy consumption simulation software. The results show that the energy saving design based on the green building concept is better than that of the preliminary design scheme, which can meet the requirements of design and energy saving. Through the research of this paper, it provides reference and reference for the design of small public green building with special geographical location and unique resource environment, and is also beneficial to the popularization of energy-saving technology of green building.
【学位授予单位】：湖南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU242;TU201.5

【参考文献】