EBZ-132型纵轴式掘进机虚拟样机建模与动力学分析

发布时间：2018-05-30 12:52

本文选题：掘进机 + 虚拟样机　；参考：《中国地质大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为发展中国家,能源问题直接影响着我国的经济发展,由于我国拥有丰富煤炭资源储量,要想解决能源短缺的问题,必须大力发展煤炭事业,提高煤炭产量。随着能源需求量的日益加大,煤矿生产规模在不断地扩大,同时开采强度也越来越大,这就要求掘进机机械化智能化作业,加快掘进速度。悬臂式掘进机广泛应用于矿山井下巷道掘进、地下工程建设、水利涵洞掘进以及其它交通隧道掘进等,它的发展在很大程度上提高了巷道的掘进效率。掘进机有安全、高效和成巷质量好等优点,但也有造价大、结构复杂、损耗较大等缺点。 EBZ-132型掘进机由煤炭科学研究总院太原分院设计制造。该机的主要特点是结构紧凑、横纵切割方式方便、可根据工况选用不同长度的刮板输送机。由于该机适应性好、机身矮、重心低、工作平稳、操作简单、检修方便等特点,因此可掘任意断面形状的巷道,可快速截割单向抗压强度小于等于60兆帕的煤岩。根据EBZ-132型掘进机实际工况中的一些易损坏零部件,对其进行仿真分析并找出损坏原因,为掘进机以后的优化设计提供一定的依据。掘进机在截割过程中,截割头的受力及其变化很大,其应力状态及其应变都非常复杂,这些直接影响整机的截割性能、生产率和使用寿命。截齿和齿座是截割头的重要组成部分,镐形截齿由刀杆和安装在刀杆上的刀头两部分组成,在截割过程中,其承受来自煤岩、夹石层、包裹体等的外载荷,由于其工作条件差、受力复杂、冲击载荷大,这对截齿和齿座的强度和结构等提出了更高的要求,因此有必要对截齿和齿座进行应力分析,了解其截割煤岩时的应力分布规律。回转机构是悬臂式掘进机主要组成部件之一,它将悬臂机械与左右机架相连,可实现悬臂机构的升降和左右回转运动,并承受来自截割头的复杂交变的冲击载荷。在回转平台设计时,要使其具有承载能力大、惯性力小、运转平稳、足够的强度和刚度、重心低等特点。回转平台结构设计的好坏,将直接影响到整机的工作效率和截割的平稳性。本文运用三维建模软件SolidWorks建立纵轴式掘进机的三维简化模型,并利用SolidWorks中自带的静态干涉检验功能检查是否存在静态干涉。然后将建立的三维模型保存为parasolid格式导入到ADAMS中,根据实际情况建立纵轴式掘进机的虚拟样机。在ADAMS中对虚拟样机进行运动学仿真,从而检查虚拟样机是否存在动态干涉。然后利用ADAMS/View模块对掘进机截割头进行动力学仿真分析,最后在SolidWorks Simulation中对掘进机的截齿与齿座、回转机构进行有限元分析。现将本文的主要研究内容总结如下： (1)运用三维建模软件SolidWorks,根据研究重点,对纵轴式掘进机进行合理简化并建立三维模型,然后利用SolidWorks中自带的静态干涉检验功能检查是否存在静态干涉,并对存在干涉的部分进行修改,直至不存在干涉。 (2)创建纵轴式掘进机虚拟样机。将SolidWorks建立的三维简化模型导入到ADAMS中,根据掘进机的实际运动情况,在ADAMS中添加约束;对回转油缸和升降油缸的旋转副添加驱动,完成虚拟样机的创建。 (3)对创建的虚拟样机进行运动学仿真,检查虚拟样机是否存在动态干涉。 (4)掘进机截割头动力学仿真。利用ADAMS/View模块对掘进机截割头进行动力学仿真分析。 (5)掘进机关键零部件的有限元分析。在SolidWorks Simulation中对掘进机的截齿与齿座、回转机构进行了有限元分析,分析其关键部位的最大应力及节点位移图,并提出改进方案,为进一步优化设计提供依据。
[Abstract]:As a developing country, energy problems have a direct impact on the economic development of our country. Because of the rich reserves of coal resources in China, in order to solve the problem of energy shortage, we must vigorously develop the coal industry and improve the coal production. With the increasing demand for energy, the scale of coal mine production is constantly expanding, and the intensity of mining is also increasing. The bigger it is, this requires the mechanized intelligent operation of the roadheader to speed up the driving speed. The cantilever type boring machine is widely used in the mine tunnel excavation, the underground engineering construction, the water culvert tunneling and other traffic tunnels. The development of the roadheader has greatly improved the driving efficiency of the roadway. The roadheader is safe, efficient and alley. It has many advantages, such as good quantity, high cost, complex structure and large loss.
The EBZ-132 type boring machine is designed and made by the Taiyuan branch of the Coal Science Research Institute. The main features of the machine are compact structure, easy to cut and vertical cutting. The machine can choose different length scraper conveyor according to the working condition. Because of its adaptability, low body, low center of gravity, smooth operation, simple operation, easy to repair and so on, it can be cut arbitrarily. The roadway with face shape can quickly cut the coal rock with one way compression strength less than 60 MPa. According to some easy damage parts in the actual working condition of the EBZ-132 type boring machine, the simulation analysis is carried out and the cause of the damage is found out, which provides a certain basis for the optimization design of the roadheader.
During the cutting process, the force and change of the cutting head are very large, the stress state and the strain are very complex, which directly affect the cutting performance, productivity and service life. The cutting teeth and the teeth are an important part of the cutting head. The pick shape is composed of two parts of the cutter head and the cutter head mounted on the knife pole. During the process, it bears the external load from coal, rock layer and inclusions. Because of its poor working conditions, complex force and great impact load, it puts forward higher requirements for the strength and structure of the teeth and teeth. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the stress of the teeth and the teeth and understand the stress distribution law when cutting the coal and rock.
The rotary mechanism is one of the main components of the cantilever type boring machine. It connects the cantilever machinery with the left and right frames, and can realize the lifting and left and right revolving movement of the cantilever mechanism, and bear the complex alternating impact load from the cutting head. In the design of the rotary platform, it has large bearing capacity, small inertia force, stable operation and strong enough. The structural design of slewing platform will directly affect the efficiency of the whole machine and the smoothness of the cutting.
In this paper, three-dimensional modeling software SolidWorks is used to establish a three-dimensional simplified model of a longitudinal shaft type roadheader, and the static interference inspection function of SolidWorks is used to check the existence of static interference. Then the established three-dimensional model is saved into the Parasolid format into the ADAMS, and the virtual sample of the longitudinal shaft type roadheader is established according to the actual situation. The virtual prototype is simulated in ADAMS to check the dynamic interference of the virtual prototype. Then the ADAMS/View module is used to simulate the dynamic simulation of the cutting head of the roadheader. Finally, the finite element analysis of the cutting gear and the gear seat and the rotary mechanism of the roadheader is carried out in the SolidWorks Simulation. The contents of the study are summarized as follows:
(1) using the three-dimensional modeling software SolidWorks, according to the research focus, the longitudinal shaft boring machine is reasonably simplified and the three-dimensional model is established. Then the static interference test function of SolidWorks is used to check the existence of static interference, and the interference parts are modified until there is no interference.
(2) create a virtual prototype of the longitudinal shaft boring machine. Introduce the three-dimensional simplified model established by SolidWorks into the ADAMS, add the constraints in ADAMS according to the actual movement of the roadheader, and add the driving to the rotating pair of the rotary cylinder and the lift cylinder to complete the creation of the virtual prototype.
(3) kinematic simulation of the virtual prototype is created to check whether there is dynamic interference in the virtual prototype.
(4) dynamic simulation of cutting head of roadheader. Dynamic simulation analysis of cutting head of roadheader is carried out by using ADAMS/View module.
(5) the finite element analysis of the key parts of the boring machine. In SolidWorks Simulation, the finite element analysis of the cutting gear and the gear seat and the rotary mechanism of the roadheader is carried out, the maximum stress and the node displacement diagram of the key parts are analyzed, and the improvement scheme is put forward to provide the basis for the further optimization of the design.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU621

【参考文献】