长汀古城客家民居建构研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 13:27

本文选题：长汀 + 客家民居　；参考：《华侨大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会快速变革及全球文化密切交流为我们带来便利快捷的生活，同时也注入了新的思想与新的生活方式。城市不能停歇的扩张、仓促的更新脚步，新材料、新结构、新技术不断产生，，这些迫切的机遇与严峻的挑战无时无刻不在冲击着根植于大地的传统民居。客家民居是中国传统民居的重要组成部分，是客家人吸取中原文化，在长期与自然界磨合实践中产生的顺应自然，忠实反映当地社会、经济、文化及客家历史的物质载体。其中所包含的技术价值、艺术价值及文化价值是千百年积淀而成的地域文化重要的组成部分。面对这些冲击，客家民居的保护更新多呈现出混乱及建设无序的状态，急需吸收其建造经验，研究总结其建构过程，总结提取本质，进而对振兴地域社会经济文化，保护地域特征，延续地域文脉起到重要而积极的作用。本文以福建省长汀县城作为研究对象，通过建构的视角，在研读文献资料的基础上，结合实地调研考察与访谈。基于建构理论认为建造由地点、类型、建构三者持续交汇作用产生了最终的形式，从以下两大部分对长汀古城客家民居进行了研究。第一部分，三四五章分别叙述了长汀古城客家民居建造三要素的内涵及其意义。首先，从客观角度对长汀古城历史背景、自然环境及地形地貌特征、传统文化思想、宗族社会特点、伦理道德及审美观念进行了梳理；再次，归纳了闽西客家府第式民居的类型，总结其民居平面建筑形制、外部造型及空间元素构成特色等；最后，去除表象，直达内里，运用建构的视角着重对长汀古城客家民居材料、结构与构造方式等要素进行细致剖析，并对其细部节点，各种装饰特色，情感与审美的植入进行研究探讨。第二部分，总述三要素（地点、类型、建构）之间逻辑关系具体是如何产生及相互影响，并对其最终产生的长汀客家民居形式进行细致描述与研究，再对由这些成分因子组成的古城进行了格局及特色分析。最后，思考三要素的现代提取，回归正本，正视“形式只是结果”的理论，呼吁建造的逻辑才是地域建筑再创作的源泉。
[Abstract]:Rapid social change and close cultural exchanges around the world have brought us a convenient and fast life, as well as new ideas and new ways of life. Cities can not stop expanding, hasty renewal steps, new materials, new structures, new technologies continue to produce, these urgent opportunities and severe challenges are constantly impacting the traditional houses rooted in the earth. Hakka residence is an important part of Chinese traditional folk residence. It is the material carrier of Hakka people absorbing the Central Plains culture, adapting to nature and reflecting local society, economy, culture and Hakka history. The technical value, the artistic value and the cultural value are the important components of the regional culture accumulated for thousands of years. In the face of these impacts, the protection and renewal of Hakka dwellings often presents a chaotic and disordered state of construction. It is urgent to absorb its construction experience, study and sum up its construction process, sum up the essence of its extraction, and further promote the regional social, economic and cultural development. Protection of regional characteristics and continuation of regional context play an important and positive role. In this paper, Changting County, Fujian Province, as the research object, through the perspective of construction, on the basis of reading literature, combined with field investigation and interviews. Based on the theory of construction, it is believed that the continuous interaction of location, type and construction has produced the final form. This paper studies the Hakka residence in Changting ancient city from the following two parts. In the first part, the connotation and significance of the three elements of Hakka residence construction in Changting ancient city are described respectively. First of all, from an objective point of view, the historical background, natural environment and landform features, traditional cultural ideas, clan social characteristics, ethics and aesthetic concepts of Changting ancient city are combed. This paper sums up the types of Hakka Fudi style folk houses in the west of Fujian, sums up the flat architectural form, exterior modeling and space element composing characteristics of their folk houses, and finally, removes the appearance, goes directly to the interior, and focuses on the materials of the Hakka houses in the ancient city of Changting from the perspective of construction. The structure and mode of construction are analyzed in detail, and the detailed node, various decorative features, emotion and aesthetic implantation are studied and discussed. In the second part, the logic relation between the three elements (location, type, construction) is described in detail, and the form of Changting Hakka dwelling is described and studied in detail. Then, the pattern and characteristics of the ancient city composed of these factors are analyzed. Finally, thinking about the modern extraction of the three elements, returning to the original, facing up to the theory that "form is only the result", and calling on the logic of construction is the source of regional architecture re-creation.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU241.5

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