膨胀珍珠岩保温板的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 23:52

  本文选题：膨胀珍珠岩 + 粉煤灰　； 参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人口的增加,资源的匮乏,中国越来越重视节能减排,其中建筑耗能约占社会能源的一半,因此,建筑节能在节能减排工程中占据着重要的地位,建筑节能方面的研究具有重大应用价值；近些年,因外墙保温材料引起的火灾层出不穷,使建筑防火越来越受到重视。由于膨胀珍珠岩具有轻质、绝热、吸音、无毒、不燃烧、无味等优良性能,本研究拟以膨胀珍珠岩为主要原料制备无机墙体保温材料,所合成的样品具有良好的保温性能和防火性能。本研究采用三种不同的粘结剂来制备膨胀珍珠岩保温板,详细情况如下：以磷酸二氢铝溶液为粘结剂,膨胀珍珠岩为骨料,粉煤灰为补强剂制备了磷酸二氢铝膨胀珍珠岩保温板。通过第一轮单因素实验、L9(34)正交实验和第二轮单因素实验确定了最佳工艺参数：成型压力为1.0 MPa,膨胀珍珠岩和粉煤灰总质量与磷酸二氢铝溶液的质量比为1：1,焙烧温度为500℃,焙烧时间为1 h。粉煤灰掺量为膨胀珍珠岩总质量的10%时,在所制备的样品中性能最好,抗压强度为0.46 Mpa,导热系数为0.082 W/(m K),体积密度为259 kg/m3。以生石灰为粘结剂,膨胀珍珠岩为骨料,粉煤灰为补强剂制备了生石灰膨胀珍珠岩保温板。生石灰掺量为其与生石灰总质量的30%时,在所制备样品中性能最好,抗压强度为0.34 Mpa,导热系数为0.084 W/(m K),体积密度为284 kg/m3。以水玻璃为粘结剂,膨胀珍珠岩为骨料,粉煤灰和KOH为补强剂制备水玻璃膨胀珍珠岩保温板。通过L16(45)正交实验,确定了最佳工艺参数：焙烧温度为500℃,焙烧时间为1 h,粉煤灰和膨胀珍珠岩的质量比为1：10,膨胀珍珠岩和水玻璃的质量比为2：1,KOH和水玻璃的质量比为1：3。最优工艺参数条件下制备的水玻璃膨胀珍珠岩保温板的抗压强度、导热系数和体积密度分别为0.47 MPa、0.071 W/(m K)和257 kg/m3。样品的XRD和扫描电镜结果表明,样品中添加粉煤灰后,样品中出现莫来石相,样品间的空隙变小,使样品的强度有所提高,样品的保温性能有所下降。所制备样品的性能达到了膨胀珍珠岩绝热样品的国家标准350号合格品的技术指标。
[Abstract]:With the increase of population and the scarcity of resources, China pays more and more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction, among which the energy consumption of buildings accounts for about half of the social energy. Therefore, building energy conservation plays an important role in energy-saving and emission reduction projects. The research on building energy conservation has great application value. In recent years, the fire caused by thermal insulation material of exterior wall has emerged in endlessly, which makes building fire prevention more and more important. As expanded perlite is light, adiabatic, sound-absorbing, non-toxic, non-burning and tasteless, this study intends to prepare inorganic wall insulation material with expanded perlite as the main raw material. The synthesized samples have good thermal insulation and fire resistance. In this study, three different binders were used to prepare expanded perlite thermal insulation board. The details are as follows: aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution is used as binder, and expanded perlite is used as aggregate. The expanded perlite thermal insulation board of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate was prepared by using fly ash as reinforcing agent. The optimum technological parameters were determined by the first single factor experiment and the second single factor experiment: the molding pressure was 1.0 MPA, the mass ratio of expanded perlite and fly ash to aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution was 1: 1, and the calcination temperature was 500 鈩，

本文编号：1988670