基于GIS的中国高级别旅游景区（点）空间结构及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 14:44

本文选题：旅游景区（点） + 空间结构　；参考：《上海师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：旅游业的快速发展带动了旅游景区（点）的大发展，但旅游景区（点）在我国的空间分布却十分不平衡，“十二五”规划纲要提出了全面发展国内旅游的要求，关于旅游景区（点）空间结构的研究正在引起旅游业和学术界的学者的广泛关注。它不仅是旅游空间结构研究中不容忽视的一个内容，对我国的旅游发展具有重要的实践价值和理论意义，也是旅游景区（点）宏观规划的一个全新而现实的课题。依据“十二五”规划纲要提出的全面发展国内旅游，促进旅游均衡发展的要求。基于GIS技术，本文构建了高级别旅游景区（点）的空间结构研究框架，分析我国高级别旅游景区（点）空间结构特征及影响因素，认识我国高级别旅游景区（点）为代表的旅游景区（点）空间结构规律，推动GIS技术在旅游发展中的运用，丰富了旅游空间结构研究的方法体系。为促进旅游全面发展、缩小旅游发展地区差异、整合旅游资源、优化旅游空间结构提供决策支持。高级别的旅游景区（点）在我国分布广泛，分布在大陆的31个省级行政区域。但是它们的分布又是不均匀的，在全国范围呈凝聚型分布，，且4A级旅游景区（点）比5A级旅游景区（点）的分布更凝聚。高级别旅游景区（点）在我国呈三“核”分布形态，主要分布在以京津冀地区、长三角地区和珠三角地区为代表的东部沿海地区。但三“核”却有大小之分，以长三角地区的“核”为最大，其次为京津地区的“核”，珠三角地区的“核”为最小。高级别旅游景区（点）在各省（市、区）的分布也十分不均衡。它们的规模度呈“中间大，两头小”分布。它们的分布类型主要是均匀型和凝聚型，除了上海市、浙江省两个省份（市）呈均匀型分布外，其他的29个省（市、区）均呈凝聚型分布，东部地区省（市、区）分布的凝聚程度比中、西部地区小。它们在各省（市、区）的分布形态主要有单“核”分布、双“核”分布和随机分布三种。我国有超过半数省（市、区）的高级别旅游景区（点）呈单“核”分布，核心多为省会城市；有四分之一省（市、区）的高级别旅游景区（点）呈双“核”分布，其中一“核”为省会城市，另一“核”多为旅游资源最为丰富的城市；有近四分之一省（市、区）的高级别旅游景区（点）呈随机分布，4A级旅游景区（点）在该省（市、区）的分布没有明显集中区域。高级别旅游景区（点）空间结构的影响因素多种多样，地貌、地势、区域可达性、人口的分布、社会经济和旅游业对它们有着重要的影响。而气候和区域的交通条件的影响不大。不同的地貌对高级别旅游景区（点）的空间结构的影响不同。火山与熔岩地貌、海岸地貌、河流地貌、冰川地貌、风沙地貌、丹霞地貌、喀斯特地貌、人工地貌对该地貌的高级别旅游景区（点）的空间结构有着强烈的影响，该地貌的高级别旅游景区（点）大都在上述地貌的主要分布区呈集聚分布形态。而地质构造与山岳地貌、湖泊地貌坡地重力地貌、花岗岩或玄武岩地貌对该地貌的高级别旅游景区（点）的空间结构的影响不强烈。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of tourism has led to the great development of tourist attractions (points), but the spatial distribution of scenic spots (points) in China is very uneven. The "12th Five-Year" program outline proposed the requirements for the comprehensive development of domestic tourism. The research on the spatial structure of scenic spots (points) is arousing the extensive attention of the scholars in the tourism and academic circles. It is not only a content that can not be ignored in the study of the spatial structure of tourism. It has important practical value and theoretical significance for the development of tourism in China, and it is also a new and realistic topic in the macro planning of tourist scenic spots (points).
According to the "12th Five-Year" plan outline, the comprehensive development of domestic tourism is required to promote the balanced development of tourism. Based on the GIS technology, this paper constructs a framework for the study of the spatial structure of the high-level tourist attractions (points), analyzes the characteristics and factors of the spatial structure of the high level tourist attractions in China, and understands the high level tourist attractions in China. The spatial structure of tourist scenic spots (points), promoting the application of GIS technology in tourism development, enriches the method system of the study of tourism space structure, which provides decision-making support for promoting the overall development of tourism, reducing the regional differences in tourism development, integrating tourism resources and optimizing the spatial structure of tourism.
The high level tourist attractions (points) are widely distributed in China and are distributed in 31 provincial administrative regions in the mainland. However, their distribution is not uniform. The distribution of the scenic spots is uneven. The distribution of the scenic spots is a cohesive distribution throughout the country, and the distribution of 4A scenic spots (points) is more condensed than the distribution of the 5A scenic spots (points). The high level tourist attractions (points) are distributed in three "nuclear" patterns in China. It is mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas, which are represented by the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region and the Pearl River Delta region. However, the three "core" has the size of the "core" in the Yangtze River Delta region, followed by the "nuclear" in the Beijing Tianjin region, and the "core" of the Pearl River Delta region is the smallest.
The distribution of high level tourist attractions in various provinces (cities and districts) is also very uneven. Their scale is "middle large, two small" distribution. Their distribution types are mainly homogeneous and condensed. In addition to Shanghai, two provinces (cities) in Zhejiang province are uniformly distributed, and the other 29 provinces (cities and districts) are uniformly distributed in the East. The distribution of regional provinces (cities and districts) is smaller than those in the middle and western regions. Their distribution patterns in all provinces (cities and districts) are mainly single "nuclear" distribution, double "core" distribution and random distribution of three kinds. More than half of the provinces (cities and districts) have a single "nuclear" distribution in more than half of the provinces (cities and districts), and the core is provincial capital city; there are 1/4 provinces (cities). There is a double "core" distribution of the high level tourist attractions in the district. One "core" is the provincial capital city, the other is the most abundant city in tourism resources; the high level tourist attractions (points) in nearly 1/4 provinces (cities and districts) are randomly distributed, and the distribution of 4A tourist attractions in the province (city, district) has no obvious concentration area.
There are many factors affecting the spatial structure of the high level tourist attractions. The landforms, the terrain, the regional accessibility, the population distribution, the social economy and the tourism industry have an important impact on them, while the climate and regional traffic conditions have little influence.
Different landforms have different effects on the spatial structure of high grade tourist attractions. The volcanic and lava landforms, coastal geomorphology, river landforms, glacial landforms, wind sand landforms, Danxia landforms, Karst landforms, and artificial landforms have a strong influence on the spatial structure of the high level tourist scenic spots (points) of the landform, and the high level tourism landscape of the landform Most of the areas (points) are concentrated in the main distribution areas of the above geomorphology, while the geological structure and mountain landforms, the gravity geomorphology of the lake landforms, granite or basalt landforms have no strong influence on the spatial structure of the high level scenic spots (points) of the landform.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;TU984.18

【参考文献】