蒸压砂加气混凝土自保温墙体节能设计与饰面处理技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 07:37

  本文选题：寒冷地区 + 加气混凝土自保温体系　； 参考：《山东建筑大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：砂加气混凝土砌块由于具备质量轻、保温性能好、加工性能出色等一系列优点而备受建筑行业的重视,并逐步成为建筑自保温体系的首选墙体材料。但是国内规范对墙体导热系数修正系数取值不同,导致墙体传热系数计算值与工程实际差异较大；砂加气混凝土单一材料自保温墙体在寒冷地区的节能设计研究较少；且实际工程中加气混凝土砌块自保温墙体外饰面经常出现开裂,抹灰层大面积龟裂和局部起鼓、脱落等现象。以上问题的存在限制了砂加气混凝土自保温墙体在寒冷地区的推广应用。 本文在对砂加气混凝土自保温墙体的国内外研究现状进行调研的基础上,针对工程应用中存在的问题,首先通过热工计算,分析了导热系数修正系数对加气混凝土砌块自保温墙体节能设计的影响,并根据墙体厚度、砂浆类型、灰缝厚度与灰缝构造的不同,设计了6组加气混凝土自保温墙体试件,采用防护热箱法对墙体的导热系数修正系数进行试验研究,研究结果表明：专用砌筑砂浆薄灰缝(3-4mm)墙体导热系数修正系数为1.05;普通水泥砂浆砌筑墙体(灰缝厚度10～11mm)导热系数修正系数为1.26。为满足墙体保温性能的要求,建议寒冷地区砂加气自保温墙体灰缝厚度控制在3-4mm之间,灰缝材料应采用专业砌筑砂浆,对于普通砌筑砂浆砌筑的自保温砌块墙体,建议采取一定的灰缝构造措施,如灰缝开槽并填充填充聚氨酯,以满足墙体的热工性能要求。 在加气混凝土自保温墙体导热系数修正系数研究的基础上,采用天正节能分析软件TBEC,对寒冷地区公共建筑与住宅两个工程实例进行自保温墙体节能设计研究,探讨了单一材料加气混凝土自保温墙体在寒冷地区应用的技术可行性,并通过对墙体导热系数修正系数、墙体厚度、热桥保温层厚度的参数化分析,研究了导热系数修正系数对建筑节能设计的影响,提出了寒冷地区B04自保温外墙与热桥保温层的经济厚度。在此基础上,通过加气混凝土自保温墙体与原外墙外保温体系的单位面积造价分析,探讨了加气混凝土自保温墙体在寒冷地区应用的经济可行性。 对加气混凝土砌块自保温墙体饰面技术进行了调研,分析了目前饰面技术存在的问题,并通过对不同饰面处理条件下的加气混凝土砌体进行不透水性试验与系统吸水量试验,研究了加气混凝土砌块墙体不同构造饰面的抗裂防渗能力,提出了适用于了加气混凝土自保温墙体的饰面构造做法,并对影响加气混凝土砌块墙体抗裂防渗能力的主要因素进行了分析,提出了饰面材料技术要求、墙体砌筑原则及交界面处理构造。
[Abstract]:Sand aerated concrete block has a series of advantages, such as light weight, good thermal insulation performance, excellent processing performance and so on, which has attracted much attention of the construction industry, and has gradually become the first choice of wall materials for building self-insulation system. However, the calculation value of wall heat transfer coefficient is different from that of engineering practice, and the energy saving design of single material self-insulation wall of sand aerated concrete in cold region is less. In practical projects, cracks often occur on the exterior veneer of self-insulating wall of aerated concrete blocks, large area cracks of plastering layer and local bulging and shedding. The above problems limit the application of sand-aerated concrete self-insulation wall in cold area. Based on the investigation of the domestic and international research status of sand aerated concrete self-insulating wall, this paper aims at the existing problems in engineering application, first of all, through thermal calculation, The influence of heat conductivity correction coefficient on energy saving design of aerated concrete block self-insulating wall is analyzed. According to the difference of wall thickness, mortar type, ash joint thickness and ash joint structure, six groups of aerated concrete self-insulating wall specimens are designed. The modified coefficient of thermal conductivity of wall is tested and studied by using the method of protective heat box. The results show that the modified coefficient of thermal conductivity of special masonry mortar thin ash joint (3-4mm) wall is 1.05, and that of ordinary cement mortar masonry wall (10~11mm) is 1.26. In order to meet the requirement of wall insulation performance, it is suggested that the thickness of ash joint of sand aerated self-insulating wall in cold area should be controlled between 3-4mm, and the cement joint material should be made of professional masonry mortar, and for the self-insulating block wall of ordinary masonry mortar masonry, it is suggested that the thickness of ash joint of the wall should be controlled in the range of 3-4mm. It is suggested that some measures should be taken, such as slotted ash joints and filled with polyurethane, to meet the requirements of the thermal properties of the wall. On the basis of the research on the coefficient of heat conductivity correction of aerated concrete self-insulating wall, the energy saving design of self-insulating wall in cold area is studied by using TBEC-TBEC. two examples of public buildings and residential buildings in cold area are studied. This paper discusses the technical feasibility of the application of air-filled concrete self-insulating wall with single material in cold region, and through the parameterized analysis of wall heat conductivity coefficient, wall thickness and thermal bridge insulation layer thickness. The influence of the modified coefficient of thermal conductivity on the design of building energy saving is studied. The economic thickness of B04 self-insulating exterior wall and thermal bridge insulation layer in cold area is put forward. On this basis, through the unit area cost analysis of aerated concrete self-insulation wall and external insulation system of external wall, the economic feasibility of application of aerated concrete self-insulation wall in cold area is discussed. This paper investigates the technology of self-insulating wall facing of aerated concrete block, analyzes the problems existing in the finishing technology at present, and carries out water impermeability test and system water absorption test of aerated concrete masonry under different finishing conditions. In this paper, the anti-crack and anti-seepage ability of different structural finishes of aerated concrete block wall is studied, and the construction method of veneer suitable for self-insulation wall of aerated concrete is put forward. The main factors affecting the anti-crack and anti-seepage ability of aerated concrete block wall are analyzed, and the technical requirements of facing material, the principle of wall masonry and the structure of interface treatment are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU111.4

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