城市湖泊景观可持续营造研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 01:15

本文选题：城市湖泊 + 景观营造　；参考：《东北农业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市湖泊是城市水环境的重要组成部分,不仅为当地居民提供休闲游玩的场所,而且还是单位面积生态服务价值较高的生态系统类型之一。随着我国城市化速度不断加快,城市湖泊资源的开发利用日趋加强,建设中由于缺乏对湖泊生态系统保护意识和系统指导,引起了一系列环境问题,给城市湖泊可持续发展带来很大的压力。面对退化的湖泊生态环境,湖泊生态系统的恢复和保护越来越受到人们的关注,并成为各城市建设的重点。目前,景观规划设计领域缺乏对湖泊景观可持续营造的研究,因此基于“政府宏观指导+公众参与宣传+工程技术应用”角度的城市湖泊景观可持续营造研究具有一定的创新性及可探索性。本文阐述了与文章题目相关的城市湖泊、可持续观念、景观营造的概念,介绍了城市湖泊与城市的关系、城市湖泊的分类与功能、城市湖泊的景观构成与空间格局分析,针对目前我国的湖泊资源及景观现状,总结了城市湖泊建设中现存的景观延续性差、自身特色缺失、生态问题严重、公共参与意识淡薄、工程技术应用不全面的问题,并以生态工程技术为切入点,结合其他辅助手段,分析日本琵琶湖、美国奥兰多湿地公园的污染治理制度和国内成都活水公园、苏州金鸡湖建设时应用的新型技术,通过总结找出适合湖泊可持续营造使用的工程技术和先进观念。主要提出在宏观指导层面、以人为本层面和工程技术层面的湖泊景观营造方法,归纳如下： (1)在宏观政策层面,人民政府应当加强对湖泊可持续利用工作的领导,相关部门通过吸纳专业型人才指导工作并对项目开发商进行引导,推动湖泊景观的可持续发展；在组织湖泊项目时最好提前召开专家咨询会议,邀请各方面专家提出建议； (2)在公众教育方面,通过组织集会、发放调查问卷、开辟网络平台及贴吧等方法,收集群众意见,找到公众最需要的湖泊空间开发模式,建立公众参与的湖泊保护、宣传和监督机制；通过开展“面向公众、重在基层、营造优秀案例”的政策,以适宜的方式,较低的投入成本,取得较好的宣传教育效果; (3)在工程技术应用方面,利用新型环保疏浚技术防止清淤过程中的二次污染,通过建立水生—湿生—陆生植物群落,形成稳定的水生生物群落,增强湖泊的自净能力,采用人工湿地技术解决了湖泊水体的污染和循环问题,采用人工生态浮岛技术处理水体富营养化问题,通过生态护岸解决了湖泊与陆地之间水分调节交换以及两栖动物上岸问题,通过增强新型环保铺装材料和新型节能技术的使用,做到能源和材料的可持续利用。 (4)以武汉市天鹅湖项目为案例研究,运用上文总结出来的三方面城市湖泊生态景观可持续营造方法来对天鹅湖进行方案设计,将总结的一系列生态工程技术及方法应用到实践中,与大东湖生态水网和武汉大道城市规划等上位规划紧密联系,对天鹅湖区域重点打造,并通过环保疏浚、建设1#与2#人工湿地、增加潜流助推式曝气机、生态驳岸等改善了天鹅湖的环境,营造优美的适宜民众游乐的景观,实现了理论研究与案例设计的有机结合。 (5)通过本论文研究,总结出一些城市湖泊景观可持续营造的方法和工程技术手段,从湖泊资源的可持续利用角度出发,为其他类型城市滨水区景观设计提供有价值的理论参考与实践参考。
[Abstract]:Urban lake is an important part of urban water environment, not only for local residents to provide recreational places, but also one of the ecological system types with higher ecological service value per unit area. With the speed of urbanization in China, the development of urban lake resources is becoming more and more intensive, and the lack of Lake ecology in the construction. The system protection consciousness and system guidance have caused a series of environmental problems and brought great pressure to the sustainable development of urban lakes. Facing the degraded lake ecological environment, the restoration and protection of the lake ecosystem has attracted more and more attention, and has become the focus of urban construction. At present, the landscape planning and design field lacks the lake The research on Sustainable Construction of landscape, therefore, based on the perspective of "government macro guidance + public participation and the application of engineering technology", the sustainable construction of urban lake landscape has a certain innovation and exploration.
This paper expounds the concept of urban lakes, sustainable concept and landscape construction related to the title of the article, introduces the relationship between urban lakes and cities, the classification and function of urban lakes, the landscape composition and spatial pattern analysis of urban lakes, and summarizes the existing Lake Construction in the current situation of the lakes in China. The problem of poor landscape continuity, lack of its own characteristics, serious ecological problems, weak public participation consciousness and incomplete application of engineering technology, and taking ecological engineering technology as the breakthrough point, combined with other auxiliary means, analyzed the pollution control system of Biwa Ko, Orlando Wetland Park in the United States and the domestic Chengdu living water park, and the construction of the Golden Chicken Lake in Suzhou. The new technology of setting up time application is summed up to find the engineering technology and advanced concept suitable for the sustainable use of lakes, and the methods of lake landscape construction on the macro guidance level, people oriented level and engineering technology level are mainly summarized as follows:
(1) at the macro level, the people's government should strengthen the leadership of the sustainable utilization of lakes. The relevant departments should guide the project developers through the guidance of professional personnel and guide the project developers to promote the sustainable development of the lake landscape; the expert consultation meeting should be held in advance for the organization of the lake project, and the experts are invited to mention in advance. Give advice;
(2) in public education, through organizing meetings, issuing questionnaires, opening up network platforms and posts and other methods, collecting public opinion, finding the most needed Lake space development model, establishing public participation in the protection of lakes, publicity and supervision mechanisms, through the policy of opening up "to the public, at the grass-roots level, and to create excellent cases" In a suitable way, low input cost can achieve better publicity and education effect.
(3) in the application of engineering technology, the new environmental dredging technology is used to prevent two pollution in the process of silting. Through the establishment of aquatic and wet terrestrial plant community, a stable aquatic biological community is formed and the self-purification capacity of the lake is enhanced. Artificial wetland is used to solve the problem of pollution and circulation of lake water, and artificial ecology is adopted. Floating island technology deals with the problem of eutrophication in water body. Through ecological revetment, the water regulation exchange between lakes and land and the problem of amphibians go ashore are solved. The sustainable utilization of energy and materials is achieved through the use of new environment-friendly pavement materials and new energy saving technologies.
(4) taking the Wuhan Swan Lake project as a case study, using the sustainable construction method of three aspects of the ecological landscape of urban lakes summed up above, the plan of the Swan Lake is designed, and a series of ecological engineering techniques and methods summarized are applied to the practice, and the upper East Lake water network and the Wuhan Avenue city planning are tightly planned. Dense connection, the focus of the Swan Lake region to build, and through environmental dredging, construction of 1# and 2# constructed wetland, increasing the subsurface boost aerator, ecological revetment, and so on to improve the environment of Swan Lake, to create a beautiful landscape for the people's pleasure, and the organic combination of theoretical research and case planning.
(5) through the study of this paper, some methods of sustainable construction of urban lake landscape and technical means are summed up. From the perspective of sustainable utilization of lake resources, it provides valuable theoretical reference and practical reference for the landscape design of other types of urban waterfront.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.18

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