苏锡常地区聚落粒级结构特征及其演化

发布时间：2018-07-09 19:21

本文选题：聚落扩展 + 位序-规模　；参考：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市化是全球土地利用和覆盖变化的重要内容,对生态系统的组成、结构和功能产生了巨大的影响。通过研究城市系统的格局来揭示城市化过程的规律,是在景观水平上研究城市化的主要途径,利用遥感、地理信息系统等空间信息技术能有效地监测城市空间的扩展情况。城市化过程在景观上主要表现为其他各种土地利用类型向聚落的转变。城市聚落粒级结构表现为聚落系统中不同大小聚落斑块的组成、结构状况,反映了城市空间结构。一般可用等级规模结构和位序规模结构来描述聚落粒级结构。不同区域、处于不同发展阶段的城市的聚落粒级结构通常有所差异,一般可分为均衡结构和非均衡结构,首位分布是非均衡结构中的一种。研究聚落粒级结构及其演化规律有助于从景观水平上理解城市化过程和城市景观格局动态,有助于进一步认识城市化规律。苏州、无锡和常州地区地处经济、文化水平发展较快的长三角区域,是我国城市化水平较高、城镇分布最密集的区域之一,也是城市化进程最为剧烈的区域之一。快速城市化过程导致了城市景观格局发生了巨大的变化。研究苏锡常地区城市化过程中聚落动态变化对我国城市化过程的研究具有参考意义。为在区域及县市尺度上揭示快速城市化过程中聚落异速增长过程、聚落景观粒级结构及其演化过程的规律,本文利用1987、1993、1999、2005和2011年的Landsat遥感影像,提取江苏苏锡常地区3个地级市及9个县级市行政单元的聚落用地,对区域及各县市聚落的位序-规模结构进行分析,并将聚落斑块按5、5-20、20～80、80～320、320～1280、1280～5120、5120～20480和≥20480 hm2分为8个粒级,对各行政单元聚落粒级结构特征及其演化过程进行了比较研究。结果显示：1)1987-2011年,研究区聚落总体规模增长了约5倍,不同区域聚落规模的变化过程存在一定的节律性差异,各行政单元GDP以指数形式快速增长,聚落扩展强度与GDP相对增长率的变化节律存在差异；2)区域及各县市聚落规模分布均符合位序-规模分布,1987-2005年区域10ha规模以上斑块数量不断增加,2005-2011年数量减少；区域及各行政单元Zipf维数均不断增大,聚落规模差异均有增大趋势；3)各行政单元聚落粒级数增长了1-2级,最低粒级聚落斑块的面积占比大幅减小,最高粒级聚落的面积占比逐渐增大；在地级市单元及部分县级市单元中,出现次高粒级面积占比较小甚至缺失现象；4)地级市单元聚落粒级结构的均衡度较低,且持续下降,为非均衡分布型；而多数县级市单元聚落粒级结构的均衡度相对较高,且呈上升趋势,属均衡分布型。总体上,苏锡常地区聚落规模差异呈增大趋势,地级市聚落粒级结构均衡度较低,而多数县级市的均衡度较高。比较均衡分布型与非均衡分布型行政单元的区位条件及单元内景观资源格局特征发现,域内资源分布格局应是影响聚落粒级结构特征及其演化趋势的重要原因。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is an important part of the global land use and cover change. It has a great influence on the composition, structure and function of the ecosystem. Through the study of the pattern of the urban system to reveal the law of the urbanization process, it is the main way to study the urbanization at the landscape level, using remote sensing, geographic information system and other spatial information technology. The urbanization process can effectively monitor the expansion of urban space. The urbanization process is mainly manifested in the transformation of various types of land use types to the settlement. The urban agglomeration grain level structure is represented by the composition of different sizes of settlement patches in the settlement system, the structure state, and the urban space structure. The size structure is used to describe the particle size structure. In different regions, the urban agglomeration structure in different stages of development is usually different, which can be divided into equilibrium structure and unbalanced structure. The first distribution is one of the non equilibrium structures. The study of the particle size structure and its evolution rules can help to understand the urbanization from the landscape level. The dynamic process and urban landscape pattern will help to further understand the law of urbanization. The Yangtze River Delta region, which is located in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou, is one of the most intensive regions in China, and is also one of the most intensive urbanization areas. Great changes have taken place in the urban landscape pattern. The study of the dynamic change of settlement in the process of urbanization in Suzhou tin Chang area has a reference significance for the study of the process of urbanization in China. This paper uses Landsat remote sensing images of 1987199319992005 and 2011 to extract the settlement land of 3 prefectural cities and 9 county administrative units in Suzhou Changzhou, Jiangsu, and analyzes the sequence scale structure of the areas and counties and cities, and the settlement patches are 5,5-20,20 to 80,80 ~ 320320~12801280 ~ 51205120~20480 and more than 20480. Hm2 is divided into 8 grain levels, and a comparative study is made on the characteristics and evolution process of the aggregate grain grade structure of each administrative unit. The results show that: 1) 1987-2011 years, the overall size of the settlement in the study area has increased by about 5 times. There are some rhythmic differences in the change process of the settlement scale in different regions, and the administrative unit GDP increases rapidly in the form of index. There are differences in the variation rhythm of the expansion intensity and the relative growth rate of GDP. 2) the size distribution of the areas and counties and cities conforms to the order scale distribution. The number of patches above the scale of 10ha increases continuously in 1987-2005 years, the number of 2005-2011 years decreases, and the number of Zipf dimensions in the region and the administrative units are increasing, and the differences in the settlement scale have increased. Potential; 3) the number of settlement grains of each administrative unit increased by 1-2 levels, the area occupation ratio of the lowest particle size settlement patches was greatly reduced, the area of the highest grain level settlement increased gradually; in the units of the city and some county-level city units, the sub high grain size was smaller and even lost, and 4) the level structure of the unit settlement grain of the city level city unit In most county-level city units, the equilibrium degree of the aggregate grain level structure is relatively high and is on the rise, which is a balanced distribution type. On the whole, the settlement scale difference of the Suzhou tin region is increasing, the equilibrium degree of the grain level structure in the prefecture level city is low, and the equilibrium degree of most county-level cities is higher. It is found that the distribution pattern of resources in the domain should be an important factor affecting the characteristics and evolution trend of the particle size structure and its evolution trend by comparing the location conditions of the equilibrium distribution and non equilibrium distribution type administrative units and the characteristics of the landscape resource pattern in the unit.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.113

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