应变传感器的应变传递理论及传感特性研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 11:59

本文选题：应变测量技术 + 应变传递　；参考：《中南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：在科学实验研究或者工程健康监测中,应变(或应力)是反映结构状态的一个至关重要的参数,因此,选择合适可靠的应变传感器进行准确的测量也至关重要。应变传感器作为实验研究或监测系统的前端,其工作稳定性和测量可靠性直接影响着实验的成败或者监测系统的稳定性与可靠性。本文采用理论分析和有限元模拟分析结合试验研究的方法,分析研究了几种不同测量原理、不同封装方式的传感器的应变传递特征以及传感特性,并根据各传感器的平均应变传递率和传感性能的优劣,定性评价了其测量可靠性。本文的主要研究内容及成果如下： 1.对不同封装方式的应变传感器进行了应变传递分析,推导了其应变传递率计算公式,并根据平均应变传递率公式分析得出了几个主要影响参数对传感器应变传递率的影响规律。 2.采用ANSYS有限元分析软件,分别建立了表面式的电阻应变片、金属基片FBG应变传感器、夹持式FBG应变传感器以及埋入式的细钢管封装、单层嵌入式封装和带端帽管式封装的FBG应变传感器的有限元分析模型。通过有限元分析验证了平均应变传递率理论公式及各参数对应变传递率的影响规律。 3.使用MTS材料试验机对电阻应变片、振弦应变计、贴片式和夹持式FBG应变传感器以及MTS引伸计进行了试件拉伸试验,经对比分析得出了各应变传感器的线性度、重复性、滞后以及疲劳可靠性等传感性能指标。 4.观察分析各应变传感器在预应力钢筋混凝土梁模型试验和光纤光栅智能钢绞线松弛试验中的实测表现,得出了钢筋及混凝土电阻应变片、埋入式及表面式振弦应变计、埋入式FBG应变计、机械千分表应变计以及光纤光栅智能钢绞线实际测量的线性度,并检验了各传感器的测量可靠性。 5.最后总结对比了本文所用的全部应变传感器的传感性能及使用性能,并定性的评价了其优缺点及测量可靠性。
[Abstract]:Strain (or stress) is one of the most important parameters to reflect the structural state in scientific experimental research or engineering health monitoring. Therefore, it is also very important to select a suitable and reliable strain sensor for accurate measurement. As the front end of experimental research or monitoring system, strain sensor has a direct impact on the success or failure of the experiment or the stability and reliability of the monitoring system. In this paper, the strain transfer characteristics and sensing characteristics of several kinds of sensors with different measuring principles and different packaging methods are analyzed and studied by means of theoretical analysis and finite element simulation analysis combined with experimental research. The reliability of the sensor is evaluated qualitatively according to the average strain transfer rate and the sensing performance of each sensor. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. The strain transfer analysis of the strain sensor with different packaging methods is carried out, and the formula for calculating the strain transfer rate of the strain sensor is derived. Based on the analysis of the average strain transfer rate formula, the influence of several main parameters on the strain transfer rate of the sensor is obtained. 2. The surface resistance strain gauge, metal substrate FBG strain sensor, clamped FBG strain sensor and embedded thin steel tube package were established by ANSYS finite element analysis software. Finite element analysis model of FBG strain sensor with single layer embedded package and end cap tube package. The theoretical formula of average strain transfer rate and the influence of each parameter on strain transfer rate are verified by finite element analysis. 3. The tensile tests of resistance strain gauges, vibrating string strain gauges, cladding and clamping FBG strain sensors and MTS extensometers were carried out by using MTS material testing machine. The linearity and repeatability of each strain sensor were obtained by comparison and analysis. Sensing performance indexes such as hysteresis and fatigue reliability. 4. By observing and analyzing the performance of strain sensors in the model test of prestressed reinforced concrete beam and the relaxation test of fiber Bragg grating intelligent steel strand, the strain gauge of steel bar and concrete resistance, the embedded strain gauge and the surface type vibrating string strain gauge are obtained. The linearity of the practical measurement of embedded FBG strain gauge, mechanical strain gauge and fiber Bragg grating intelligent steel strand is tested, and the reliability of each sensor is tested. 5. Finally, the sensing performance and performance of all the strain sensors used in this paper are summarized and compared, and their advantages and disadvantages are qualitatively evaluated and the measurement reliability is evaluated qualitatively.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU317

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