当代建筑砌体及其构造案例研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 07:06
【摘要】：砌体砌筑是人类建造史上最早使用的建造方式之一。因为砌体砌筑所使用的材料易得且加工简单，加之施工方便快捷，所以砌体砌筑的建造方式在人类漫长的建筑历史中一直占据着至关重要的地位。无论是非洲的埃及金字塔、欧洲的罗马万神庙，还是亚洲的中国万里长城，在世界范围内，砌体砌筑方式都得到广泛的使用，至今在世界各地还存有大量伟大灿烂的遗迹。 今天，砌体砌筑方式仍然在全球范围内被广泛使用，很多新的砌体运用方式和构造做法不断涌现，其中不乏优秀的建筑师和设计案例。在西方，有关砌体的理论探索和设计实践都相当丰富。从远至古罗马时代的砖石砌筑，到战后西欧对砖建筑的设计与研究，从阿尔瓦.阿尔托在其红色时期把其经济的工程砖用于建筑的考量，到马里奥·博塔把当地特色砖作为基本素材的实践，都为本课题的展开提供了丰富的研究材料与经验参照。在中国，建筑师王澍设计的宁波博物馆、王小东院士设计的新疆国际大巴扎、刘克成建筑师设计的陕西富平陶艺村博物馆主馆、刘家琨建筑师设计的鹿野苑佛教石刻艺术博物馆、标准营造设计的西藏尼洋游客接待站等一批砌体建筑作品都是具有突破性的实践。 但是伴随着历史的发展，建筑建造实现工业化之后，建筑设计师和建筑工匠的职能开始分离，建筑师往往只关注设计理念但却忽视建造工艺本身，逐渐形成了建筑工人懂砌筑工艺而建筑师不懂砌筑的现象，，这反过来又制约着建筑砌体设计在当代建筑创作中的表现力。 本文在全球范围内选取大量当代已建成的砌体建筑设计作品，针对砌体这种最“古老”也最“新颖”的建筑材料，采用绘制、调查、归纳和总结的方法对其材料选择、设计手法、构造方式及特点和发展规律进行阐释和概括，力图形成一份内容详实具体的建筑砌体词典，以便为设计师在砌体建筑方案设计的探索及对构造的认识提供依据，展现更多的设计选择方向。在此基础上通过对各类型材料的总结和建筑师设计手法的对比研究，力图梳理出建筑砌体设计中的些许经验和方法，相信在今后建筑师们更多多元化的探讨和实践中，建筑砌体设计及其构造得研究将显现出其重要的价值。
[Abstract]:Masonry is one of the earliest construction methods in the history of human construction. Because the materials used in masonry are easy to be obtained and processed, and the construction is convenient and quick, the way of masonry construction has been playing an important role in the long history of human construction. Whether it is the Egyptian pyramids in Africa, the Roman temples in Europe, or the Great Wall of China in Asia, masonry is widely used around the world. Today, masonry is still widely used in the world, many new masonry application and construction practices are emerging, among them, there are many excellent architects and design cases. In the west, the theoretical exploration and design practice of masonry are quite rich. From brick masonry to ancient Rome, to the design and research of brick buildings in western Europe after the war, from Alva. Aalto used its economical engineering brick for architectural consideration in its red period, and to Mario Botha's practice of taking the local characteristic brick as the basic material, all of them provided abundant research materials and experience reference for the development of this subject. In China, architect Wang Shu designed the main Museum of Ningbo Museum, designed by academician Wang Xiaodong, Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar, and Liu Kecheng architect designed the main Museum of Shaanxi Fuping Ceramics Village, A number of masonry works designed by Liu Jiakun architect Luye Yuan Buddhist Stone carving Museum and the standard building design of Tibet Niyang tourist reception Station are all groundbreaking practices. But with the development of history, after the industrialization of architectural construction, the functions of architect and architect began to be separated. Architects often focused on the design concept but ignored the construction process itself. The phenomenon that the construction workers understand the masonry technology and the architects do not understand the masonry, which in turn restricts the expression of the architectural masonry design in the contemporary architectural creation. In this paper, a large number of contemporary masonry architectural design works have been selected in the world, aiming at masonry, which is the oldest and most novel building material, the method of drawing, investigating, summing up and summing up the materials is used to select the materials. The design techniques, construction methods, characteristics and development rules are explained and summarized in order to form a detailed and concrete architectural masonry dictionary, so as to provide a basis for designers to explore and understand the structure of masonry architecture scheme design. Show more design options. On this basis, through the summary of various types of materials and the comparative study of architects' design methods, we try to sort out some experiences and methods in the design of building masonry, and believe that in the future, architects will discuss and practice more diversified, The study of building masonry design and its construction will show its important value.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU364;TU201
本文编号：2123217
[Abstract]:Masonry is one of the earliest construction methods in the history of human construction. Because the materials used in masonry are easy to be obtained and processed, and the construction is convenient and quick, the way of masonry construction has been playing an important role in the long history of human construction. Whether it is the Egyptian pyramids in Africa, the Roman temples in Europe, or the Great Wall of China in Asia, masonry is widely used around the world. Today, masonry is still widely used in the world, many new masonry application and construction practices are emerging, among them, there are many excellent architects and design cases. In the west, the theoretical exploration and design practice of masonry are quite rich. From brick masonry to ancient Rome, to the design and research of brick buildings in western Europe after the war, from Alva. Aalto used its economical engineering brick for architectural consideration in its red period, and to Mario Botha's practice of taking the local characteristic brick as the basic material, all of them provided abundant research materials and experience reference for the development of this subject. In China, architect Wang Shu designed the main Museum of Ningbo Museum, designed by academician Wang Xiaodong, Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar, and Liu Kecheng architect designed the main Museum of Shaanxi Fuping Ceramics Village, A number of masonry works designed by Liu Jiakun architect Luye Yuan Buddhist Stone carving Museum and the standard building design of Tibet Niyang tourist reception Station are all groundbreaking practices. But with the development of history, after the industrialization of architectural construction, the functions of architect and architect began to be separated. Architects often focused on the design concept but ignored the construction process itself. The phenomenon that the construction workers understand the masonry technology and the architects do not understand the masonry, which in turn restricts the expression of the architectural masonry design in the contemporary architectural creation. In this paper, a large number of contemporary masonry architectural design works have been selected in the world, aiming at masonry, which is the oldest and most novel building material, the method of drawing, investigating, summing up and summing up the materials is used to select the materials. The design techniques, construction methods, characteristics and development rules are explained and summarized in order to form a detailed and concrete architectural masonry dictionary, so as to provide a basis for designers to explore and understand the structure of masonry architecture scheme design. Show more design options. On this basis, through the summary of various types of materials and the comparative study of architects' design methods, we try to sort out some experiences and methods in the design of building masonry, and believe that in the future, architects will discuss and practice more diversified, The study of building masonry design and its construction will show its important value.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU364;TU201
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 朱涛;“建构”的许诺与虚设——论当代中国建筑学发展中的“建构”观念[J];时代建筑;2002年05期
本文编号：2123217
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