基于碳氧平衡模型的中环院校园低碳优化策略研究

发布时间：2018-07-18 15:58

【摘要】：现代经济与工业模式导致能源需求日益增强，气温不断攀升及碳排放飞速增加，已对全球造成巨大影响。针对碳排放的可操作性控制措施在全世界范围内备受关注。校园作为师生工作、学习、生活的主要场所，是实现低碳经济的重要空间载体与应对全球气候变化的关键生态单元，正逐步成为学术界实施低碳策略的关注重点。目前，国内外针对校园低碳规划发展的研究主要侧重于提出低碳调控政策与制定实施倡导计划，缺乏对物质、能量要素在低碳校园复合生态系统中流动运行的量化分析。因此，本文基于现有低碳理论研究基础进行基于碳氧平衡模型的校园低碳优化策略研究。本文以校园生态系统生命周期使用过程的碳氧平衡过程为研究对象，采用理论研究、数据统计、定性分析与定量对比相结合的研究方法，界定与辨析低碳校园相关概念，从低碳规划策略、节能减排与定量评估的角度分析总结低碳规划理论。依据碳氧平衡模型相关研究及校园物质流、能量流结构分析，提出校园视角下的碳氧平衡模型研究框架与指标体系。基于数据统计与标准规范的定额估算，选取了秦皇岛中国环境管理干部学院（以下简称中环院）校园规划方案作为实践案例，进行基于校园使用过程社会经济活动的碳氧平衡模型排碳耗氧预评估，并与基于生态绿地类型固碳释氧的预评估结果进行定量、定性分析，获得校园规划方案的碳氧平衡综合评价。本文主要针对校园使用过程的排碳耗氧模型，，进行了建筑耗能、交通耗能、生活耗能三方面的数据计算；针对校园生态绿地固碳释氧模型，进行了林地、园地、疏林地、草地、湿地、耕地六大类型绿地的数据计算。综合规划方案与现状耕地的碳氧关系，获得补偿校园可持续发展的碳、氧赤字量化参考。针对校园规划方案的碳氧平衡关系及数据模型中的相关控制变量，提出基于景观规划方法的低碳校园优化策略，与初期方案进行对比分析。本文研究校园使用过程中，改善物质、能量流动碳氧平衡关系的景观规划方法，为校园低碳化设计、可持续发展规划提供新理念与量化参考。
[Abstract]:The growing demand for energy, rising temperatures and soaring carbon emissions due to modern economic and industrial models have had a huge impact on the world. Maneuverability control measures for carbon emissions have attracted much attention all over the world. As the main place for teachers and students to work, study and live, campus is an important space carrier to realize low-carbon economy and a key ecological unit to cope with global climate change. It is gradually becoming the focus of academic circles to implement low-carbon strategy. At present, the domestic and foreign researches on the development of low-carbon campus planning mainly focus on putting forward low-carbon regulation policies and formulating and implementing advocacy plans, and lack of quantitative analysis of material and energy elements flowing and running in the complex ecosystem of low-carbon campus. Therefore, based on the existing low-carbon theory, this paper studies the campus low-carbon optimization strategy based on the carbon-oxygen balance model. This paper takes the carbon-oxygen balance process of campus ecosystem life cycle as the research object, uses the research method of combining theoretical research, data statistics, qualitative analysis and quantitative contrast, defines and discriminates the related concepts of low carbon campus. The theory of low carbon planning is analyzed and summarized from the point of view of low carbon planning strategy, energy saving and emission reduction and quantitative evaluation. Based on the research of carbon-oxygen balance model and the structure analysis of campus material flow and energy flow, the research framework and index system of carbon-oxygen balance model from campus perspective are put forward. Based on the quota estimation of data statistics and standard norms, the campus planning scheme of Qinhuangdao China Institute of Environmental Management cadres (hereinafter referred to as Central Institute) is selected as a practical case. The carbon and oxygen balance model based on the socioeconomic activities of campus use was used to pre-evaluate the carbon consumption and oxygen consumption, and the quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out with the results of pre-assessment based on the ecological green space type carbon sequestration and oxygen release. The comprehensive evaluation of carbon and oxygen balance of campus planning was obtained. This paper mainly aims at the carbon and oxygen consumption model of the campus use process, carries on the construction energy consumption, the traffic energy consumption, the living energy consumption three aspects data calculation; aiming at the campus ecological green space carbon sequestration oxygen release model, has carried on the forest land, the garden land, the open forest land, the grassland, has carried on the forest land, the garden land, the open forest land, the grassland, Wetland, cultivated land six types of green space data calculation. The comprehensive planning scheme is related to the carbon and oxygen of cultivated land, and the quantitative reference of carbon and oxygen deficit is obtained to compensate for the sustainable development of campus. Aiming at the carbon-oxygen balance relationship of campus planning scheme and the related control variables in the data model, a low carbon campus optimization strategy based on landscape planning method is proposed and compared with the initial scheme. In this paper, the landscape planning method for improving the balance of carbon and oxygen in the process of campus use is studied, which provides a new concept and quantitative reference for campus low-carbon design and sustainable development planning.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.14

【参考文献】