岩土地质抗浮锚杆的试验研究与理论分析

发布时间：2018-08-06 21:57

【摘要】：伴随着新千年的钟声，中国经济迎来了新一轮的发展高潮。在这期间，随着大量农村人口进入城市谋求发展，城市空间被严重压缩，为了解决这一问题，城市管理者开始将目光聚焦于地下空间的利用，地下车库、地下商场、地铁以及多层地下室等地下建筑也因而得到了蓬勃发展。然而某些地区在地下工程的建设中发现了其地下水位较高的问题，大连、上海、厦门等沿海城市的地下水问题尤为突出。在建筑设计及施工过程中暴露出大量建筑抗浮不足的问题，致使建筑上浮、倾斜，影响使用功能。抗浮锚杆作为一种新型的抗浮方式，已经在某些地区得到了广泛的使用，但其设计理论相对匮乏，对于岩土地质条件下的锚杆受力机理等设计问题依然有待解决。研究针对岩土地基的具体特点，通过工程调研、理论计算和有限元模拟等手段，对抗浮锚杆的设计理论提出建议和优化。首先，针对风化岩层地基特点，通过调研大量实际工程，，汇总抗浮锚杆的极限抗拔力计算参数；其次，针对设计过程中暴露出来的问题，综合抗浮锚杆常用的两种布置方式，通过ANSYS有限元软件，对比两种布置方式下结构底板受力和锚杆受力情况，提出最优的抗浮锚杆布置方案。并对规范中有关锚杆布置间距的条文进行分析说明；再次，结合实际工程，对工程已经运用的五种结构抗浮方式进行结构、工期、造价以及防水性能方面的对比，提出基于五种因素条件考虑的最优抗浮方式；最后，通过现场试验，对四种地基条件包括砂层、土层、岩层以及岩土地质条件下抗浮锚杆的受力机理进行研究。并结合试验数据，在风化岩层上覆薄弱土层的地基条件下，土层范围内锚杆设计抗拔力的取值进行了分析说明。并结合有限元软件进行分析验证。抗浮锚杆设计是建筑抗浮措施的一个重要组成部分，其设计的好坏与否关系到建筑结构的顺利完工及使用功能的正常发挥。本文所做的工作考虑了抗浮锚杆在设计中所遇到的问题，为今后抗浮锚杆的应用提供了一定的思路和方法，具有一定的参考价值和借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:With the bell of the new millennium, China's economy ushered in a new round of development climax. During this period, as a large number of rural people entered the city to seek development, urban space was severely compressed. In order to solve this problem, city administrators began to focus on the use of underground space, underground garages, underground shopping malls, Underground buildings such as subways and multi-storey basements are also booming. However, some areas have found the problem of high groundwater level in the construction of underground engineering, especially in coastal cities such as Dalian, Shanghai and Xiamen. In the course of architectural design and construction, a large number of problems in building anti-floating are exposed, which causes the building to float, tilt, and affect the function of use. As a new type of anti-floating bolt, anti-floating bolt has been widely used in some areas, but its design theory is relatively scarce, and the design problems such as the mechanical mechanism of anchor rod under geotechnical and geological conditions still need to be solved. According to the concrete characteristics of rock-soil foundation, through engineering investigation, theoretical calculation and finite element simulation, the paper puts forward some suggestions and optimization for the design theory of anti-floating anchor. First of all, according to the characteristics of weathered rock stratum foundation, through investigating a large number of practical projects, collect the calculation parameters of ultimate uplift resistance of anti-floating anchor; secondly, in view of the problems exposed in the design process, In this paper, two kinds of common arrangement of anti-floating anchor rod are synthesised. By means of ANSYS finite element software, the stress on the bottom plate of the structure and the stress on the anchor rod under the two arrangement modes are compared, and the optimal arrangement scheme of the anti-floating anchor rod is put forward. And the analysis of the provisions of the code on the spacing of anchor arrangement; thirdly, combined with the actual project, the structure, duration, cost and waterproof performance of the five kinds of structures used in the project have been compared. The optimal anti-floating mode based on five factors is put forward. Finally, through field test, the stress mechanism of anti-floating anchor under four kinds of foundation conditions, including sand layer, soil layer, rock layer and geotechnical geology, is studied. Combined with the test data, under the condition of the weak soil layer overlying the weathered rock stratum, the value of the uplift resistance of the anchor rod design in the soil layer is analyzed and explained. And combined with finite element software to analyze and verify. The design of anti-floating anchor rod is an important part of the anti-floating measure of building. Whether the design is good or not is related to the successful completion of the building structure and the normal exertion of the function in use. The work done in this paper takes into account the problems encountered in the design of the anti-floating anchor rod, which provides some ideas and methods for the application of the anti-floating anchor rod in the future, and has certain reference value and significance.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU476

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