蒙古族建筑的谱系学与类型学研究
发布时间：2018-08-08 17:17
【摘要】：作为游牧文明的传承者之一，蒙古人及其文化的根源可以从柔然、鲜卑一直追溯到东胡、匈奴，以至于更早的狩猎氏族。因而蒙古族建筑的发展史也反映了蒙古高原文明从狩猎转向游牧，再从游牧走向定居的历史进程。由于国内学界对蒙古族建筑的研究甚少，对该过程亦缺乏一定的认识，所以本文将从蒙古高原文明变迁的角度出发，对蒙古族建筑的历史脉络进行梳理；并基于系统的历史研究，对9世纪以来蒙古人长期使用的各类建筑及其汉、蒙语称谓进行科学的考证与分类；以便建构起蒙古族建筑的谱系学与类型学体系。 特定的生活方式创造特定的文明形态，也塑造不同的居住方式。蒙古人从狩猎到定居化时代，先后将“穴居”、“棚屋”、“帐幕”和“类帐幕”作为自己居住的场所。在这一历史过程中，蒙古族建筑经历了或说经历着两次转型。第一次始于公元9世纪左右，“棚屋”被“帐幕”所取代；它标志着蒙古人从狩猎走向游牧时代。第二次则始于16世纪下半叶并一直延续至今，，“帐幕”逐渐被“类帐幕”（土木）建筑所替代；这次则是蒙古人从游牧转向定居生活方式的体现。 随着全球化时代的到来，当代蒙古族建筑同样面临着传统与现代之间的矛盾。在这样的历史背景下，若要延续并发展蒙古族建筑的独特性，进而为人类现代建筑文明的生态多样化做出些许贡献，就势必对其谱系脉络与类型范式进行深入研究。也只有经过反复的回归之旅、从新认清并根系传统，才能够使当代蒙古族建筑孕育出具有其自身属性的现代性。本文最终的指向正是蒙古族建筑的这种当代意义。
[Abstract]:As one of the inheritors of nomadic civilization, the Mongols and their cultural roots can be traced back to Donghu, Xianbei, and even earlier hunting clan. Therefore, the history of Mongolian architecture also reflects the historical process of Mongolian plateau civilization from hunting to nomadic, then from nomadic to settled. Due to the lack of research on Mongolian architecture and the lack of understanding of the process, this paper will sort out the historical context of Mongolian architecture from the perspective of the change of Mongolian plateau civilization. Based on the systematic historical study, this paper makes a scientific textual research and classification of all kinds of buildings used by Mongolians since the 9th century and their Chinese and Mongolian appellations, in order to construct the genealogical and typological systems of Mongolian architecture. A particular way of life creates a particular form of civilization and shapes different ways of living. From hunting to settling, the Mongols used cave dwelling, shack house, tabernacle and tabernacle as their living place. In this historical process, Mongolian architecture experienced or experienced two transformations. First started around the 9th century AD, the shack was replaced by the tabernacle; it marked the Mongolians' transition from hunting to nomadic times. The second one, which began in the second half of the 16th century and continues to this day, is gradually replaced by "tabernacle" (civil) architecture; this time it is the embodiment of Mongolians' transition from nomadic to sedentary way of life. With the advent of globalization, contemporary Mongolian architecture also faces the contradiction between tradition and modernity. In such a historical background, if we want to continue and develop the uniqueness of Mongolian architecture, and then make some contributions to the ecological diversity of human modern architectural civilization, it is bound to further study its lineage and type paradigm. Only through the repeated return journey, new understanding and root tradition, can contemporary Mongolian architecture breed modernity with its own attributes. The ultimate point of this paper is the contemporary significance of Mongolian architecture.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-092.8
本文编号：2172473
[Abstract]:As one of the inheritors of nomadic civilization, the Mongols and their cultural roots can be traced back to Donghu, Xianbei, and even earlier hunting clan. Therefore, the history of Mongolian architecture also reflects the historical process of Mongolian plateau civilization from hunting to nomadic, then from nomadic to settled. Due to the lack of research on Mongolian architecture and the lack of understanding of the process, this paper will sort out the historical context of Mongolian architecture from the perspective of the change of Mongolian plateau civilization. Based on the systematic historical study, this paper makes a scientific textual research and classification of all kinds of buildings used by Mongolians since the 9th century and their Chinese and Mongolian appellations, in order to construct the genealogical and typological systems of Mongolian architecture. A particular way of life creates a particular form of civilization and shapes different ways of living. From hunting to settling, the Mongols used cave dwelling, shack house, tabernacle and tabernacle as their living place. In this historical process, Mongolian architecture experienced or experienced two transformations. First started around the 9th century AD, the shack was replaced by the tabernacle; it marked the Mongolians' transition from hunting to nomadic times. The second one, which began in the second half of the 16th century and continues to this day, is gradually replaced by "tabernacle" (civil) architecture; this time it is the embodiment of Mongolians' transition from nomadic to sedentary way of life. With the advent of globalization, contemporary Mongolian architecture also faces the contradiction between tradition and modernity. In such a historical background, if we want to continue and develop the uniqueness of Mongolian architecture, and then make some contributions to the ecological diversity of human modern architectural civilization, it is bound to further study its lineage and type paradigm. Only through the repeated return journey, new understanding and root tradition, can contemporary Mongolian architecture breed modernity with its own attributes. The ultimate point of this paper is the contemporary significance of Mongolian architecture.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-092.8
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