某家具商城火灾下人员安全疏散研究

发布时间：2018-08-14 13:24

【摘要】：本论文采用文献查阅、实地调研、数值计算、理论分析、软件模拟、现场实验相结合的方法对家具商城人员安全疏散进行系统研究。主要研究内容有：针对家具商城的特性选择人员安全疏散的分析方法；运用相关规范的经验公式计算和分析家具商城人员安全疏散参数；根据调研情况设置的四个典型疏散场景,采用FDS+Evac软件模拟,而后进行疏散实验,分析不同场景对人员疏散的影响。研究结果表明： 1.调研中发现家具商城一般严格按照国家规范来进行设计的,安全出口及楼梯净宽度都是完全符合国家规定的。百人宽度指标可按实测最大人流计算,而相应减小安全出口净宽度,从而减少经济浪费。 2.疏散模拟得出的数据与疏散实验得出的数据有一定差异,但反映了相似的线性规律：疏散人数与疏散时间成正比；疏散出口数量与疏散时间成反比。 3.疏散人员具有趋向性和选择性,疏散出口的位置与相应出口的疏散人数有密切关系。表现在疏散人员倾向选择方位较正、易明显辨识的出口,所以明显出口疏散人数较多,偏僻出口疏散人数较少。 4.在不同人流情况下,不同疏散出口对应的疏散人数和疏散时间具有相似规律；疏散出口的位置与相应出口的疏散时间关系不大；在疏散出口受阻情况下,人流量对疏散时间的影响不大。
[Abstract]:This paper uses the methods of literature reference, field investigation, numerical calculation, theoretical analysis, software simulation and field experiment to study the safety evacuation of furniture mall. The main research contents are as follows: to select the analysis method of personnel safety evacuation according to the characteristics of furniture mall, to calculate and analyze the safety evacuation parameters of furniture mall by using the empirical formula of relevant norms; According to the four typical evacuation scenarios, FDS Evac software was used to simulate the four typical evacuation scenarios, and then the evacuation experiments were carried out to analyze the impact of different scenarios on the evacuation. The results show that: 1. It is found that furniture shopping mall is designed strictly according to the national standard, and the safety exit and the net width of staircase are all in accordance with the state regulations. The index of 100 person width can be calculated according to the measured maximum passenger flow, and the net width of safety exit can be reduced accordingly, thus reducing economic waste. The data obtained from evacuation simulation are different from those obtained from evacuation experiment, but reflect the similar linear law: the number of evacuees is directly proportional to the evacuation time, and the number of evacuation exits is inversely proportional to the evacuation time. Evacuation personnel have tendency and selectivity, and the location of evacuation exit is closely related to the number of evacuees at the corresponding exit. It shows that the evacuees tend to choose the exit with positive orientation and easy to identify, so there are more evacuees in the obvious exits and fewer evacuees in the remote exits. 4. In the case of different flow of people, the number of evacuees and the time of evacuation are similar; the location of the exit is not related to the evacuation time of the corresponding exit; when the exit of evacuation is blocked, The flow of people has little effect on evacuation time.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU921;TU998.1

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