钢混结构的剪力墙连梁截断式金属阻尼器设计与抗震分析
发布时间：2018-09-07 20:47
【摘要】：在世界各地的历次强震中,剪力墙结构的连梁常遭到较严重的破坏,寻求受力和变形更理想的连梁结构形式,成为剪力墙结构研究中亟待解决的问题。连梁在地震作用中剪力均布,跨中弯矩最小,因此将连梁跨中截断布设剪切型阻尼器,可使连梁变形集中于阻尼器,利用阻尼器消耗大量能量,保护墙肢和耗能连梁混凝土部分不产生较大破坏。 本文首先阐述了钢混联肢剪力墙结构的震害特点和改善的必要性与途径；简要介绍了目前已有的剪力墙耗能连梁,说明提出新型耗能连梁的意义与主要目的；介绍了常见的被动耗能阻尼器的原理、类型和力学模型,根据本文的设计目的选用金属阻尼器作为主要研究对象。 其次,总结了墙片对阻尼器提出的各项需求,采用定性定量方法对各需求分析推导,提出设计措施和参数化需求表达式,从概念上指明了理解和分析该类结构的思路,并对设计应用给出建议。其中一项重要需求为保证墙片的初始刚度,为详细探讨该类阻尼器对墙片初始刚度的影响,文中分析了连梁刚度削弱程度与墙片刚度削弱程度的关系,阐述了影响因素和影响趋势,提出了工程设计中连梁刚度削弱程度的取值范围。根据墙片对阻尼器的各项需求表达式,总结以金属阻尼器双线性力学模型参数为设计目标的阻尼器设计流程,给出一例长宽比为1：1的矩形截面软钢剪切板阻尼器的设计算例。 第三,介绍了几种可行的耗能连梁剪力墙弹塑性数值模拟方法,以ABAQUS、 SAP2000、SeismoStruct软件为平台,通过分层壳单元、连接单元、普通壳单元、纤维模型的组合,解决耗能连梁细部建模与计算效率的矛盾,通过结果的对比验证了方法的精确性,比较各方法的优缺点和适用范围,根据本文研究对象的特点选用合适的建模方法。 第四,以两片双肢剪力墙为结构原型,根据文中提出的设计流程设计连梁跨中截断型阻尼器,采用前文所述建模方法对安装阻尼器前后的两墙片做静力推覆与低周往复模拟分析,对分析结果进行比较,得出结论：安装阻尼器后结构延性明显增大,刚度与承载力削弱不大,破坏模式为阻尼器先于连梁和墙肢屈服,整体变形模式不发生变化,结构的滞回曲线更饱满,阻尼器耗能占结构总耗能的40%以上,为结构附加的阻尼比达到5%左右。需要注意的是使用本文设计方法时,应满足设计流程中提出的原结构的先决条件,即原结构的破坏模式为连粱先于墙肢屈服,因为从模拟的结果来看,连梁先于墙肢屈服的墙片,安装阻尼器后的效果明显好于墙肢先于连梁屈服的墙片。总体来说,安装阻尼器后结构抗震性能更优越,达到了预期的设计目标。 最后选取了一幢典型的钢筋混凝土框架-双肢剪力墙高层结构,应用本文提出的阻尼器参数计算方法设计了相应的耗能阻尼器,并采用文中推荐的模拟方法对两类结构进行弹塑性时程反应分析。经研究表明依据本文方法设计的阻尼器,可在预设目标下确保耗能结构的安全及初始刚度,同时能有效降低结构地震能量的输入,改善结构连梁与墙肢塑性铰的分布与发展,从而改进结构的耗能模式。上述分析进一步验证了连梁截断式阻尼器设计方法的合理性,为可恢复联肢剪力墙结构体系的研究与工程应用提供一种新的思路。
[Abstract]:In the past strong earthquakes all over the world, the coupling beams of shear wall structures are often severely damaged. It is an urgent problem in the research of shear wall structures to find a more ideal coupling beam structure for stress and deformation. The deformation of the coupling beam can be concentrated on the damper, which consumes a lot of energy and protects the concrete part of the wall leg and the coupling beam.
In this paper, the characteristics of seismic damage of steel-concrete coupled-leg shear wall structures and the necessity and ways to improve them are firstly expounded; the existing energy dissipation coupling beams of shear walls are briefly introduced, and the significance and main purpose of putting forward new energy dissipation coupling beams are explained; the principle, types and mechanical models of common passive energy dissipation dampers are introduced, according to the design of this paper. Objective to select metal damper as the main object of study.
Secondly, the requirements of the dampers are summarized. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze and deduce the requirements. The design measures and parameterized demand expressions are put forward. The idea of understanding and analyzing this kind of structure is pointed out from the concept, and the suggestions for design and application are given. One of the important requirements is to ensure the initial stiffness of the dampers. The influence of this kind of damper on the initial stiffness of the wall is discussed in detail. The relationship between the weakening degree of the coupling beam stiffness and the weakening degree of the wall stiffness is analyzed, the influencing factors and the influencing trend are expounded, and the range of the weakening degree of the coupling beam stiffness in engineering design is proposed. The design flow of the damper with the bilinear mechanical model parameters as the design objective is given. A design example of a rectangular section shear plate damper with a ratio of length to width of 1:1 is given.
Thirdly, several feasible numerical simulation methods of energy dissipation coupling beam shear wall are introduced. Based on ABAQUS, SAP2000 and Seismo Struct software, the contradiction between detailed modeling and calculation efficiency of energy dissipation coupling beam is solved by combining layered shell element, connecting element, common shell element and fiber model. The precision of the method is verified by comparing the results. Confirmation, compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method and the scope of application, select the appropriate modeling method according to the characteristics of the research object.
Fourthly, taking two double-leg shear walls as the structural prototype, according to the design process proposed in this paper, a truncated damper is designed. The static pushing and low-cycle reciprocating simulation of the two walls before and after the damper is installed are carried out by using the modeling method mentioned above. The analysis results are compared and the conclusion is drawn that the ductility of the structure after the damper is installed. The failure mode is that the damper yields before the connecting beam and the wall, the overall deformation mode does not change, the hysteretic curve of the structure is more full, the energy consumption of the damper accounts for more than 40% of the total energy consumption of the structure, and the additional damping ratio of the structure is about 5%. The precondition of the original structure proposed in the design process is that the failure mode of the original structure is that the coupling beam yields before the wall leg, because from the simulation results, the effect of the coupling beam yielding before the wall leg is obviously better than that of the coupling beam yielding after the installation of dampers. It is superior and achieves the expected design goal.
Finally, a typical reinforced concrete frame-double-leg shear wall high-rise structure is selected, and the corresponding energy dissipation dampers are designed by using the method proposed in this paper, and the elastic-plastic time-history response analysis of the two types of structures is carried out by using the simulation method recommended in this paper. It can ensure the safety and initial stiffness of the energy-dissipating structure under the preset target, reduce the input of seismic energy effectively, improve the distribution and development of the plastic hinge between the connecting beam and the wall leg, and thus improve the energy-dissipating mode of the structure. It provides a new way of thinking for research and engineering application of shear wall structure system.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU352.11;TU375
本文编号：2229376
[Abstract]:In the past strong earthquakes all over the world, the coupling beams of shear wall structures are often severely damaged. It is an urgent problem in the research of shear wall structures to find a more ideal coupling beam structure for stress and deformation. The deformation of the coupling beam can be concentrated on the damper, which consumes a lot of energy and protects the concrete part of the wall leg and the coupling beam.
In this paper, the characteristics of seismic damage of steel-concrete coupled-leg shear wall structures and the necessity and ways to improve them are firstly expounded; the existing energy dissipation coupling beams of shear walls are briefly introduced, and the significance and main purpose of putting forward new energy dissipation coupling beams are explained; the principle, types and mechanical models of common passive energy dissipation dampers are introduced, according to the design of this paper. Objective to select metal damper as the main object of study.
Secondly, the requirements of the dampers are summarized. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze and deduce the requirements. The design measures and parameterized demand expressions are put forward. The idea of understanding and analyzing this kind of structure is pointed out from the concept, and the suggestions for design and application are given. One of the important requirements is to ensure the initial stiffness of the dampers. The influence of this kind of damper on the initial stiffness of the wall is discussed in detail. The relationship between the weakening degree of the coupling beam stiffness and the weakening degree of the wall stiffness is analyzed, the influencing factors and the influencing trend are expounded, and the range of the weakening degree of the coupling beam stiffness in engineering design is proposed. The design flow of the damper with the bilinear mechanical model parameters as the design objective is given. A design example of a rectangular section shear plate damper with a ratio of length to width of 1:1 is given.
Thirdly, several feasible numerical simulation methods of energy dissipation coupling beam shear wall are introduced. Based on ABAQUS, SAP2000 and Seismo Struct software, the contradiction between detailed modeling and calculation efficiency of energy dissipation coupling beam is solved by combining layered shell element, connecting element, common shell element and fiber model. The precision of the method is verified by comparing the results. Confirmation, compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method and the scope of application, select the appropriate modeling method according to the characteristics of the research object.
Fourthly, taking two double-leg shear walls as the structural prototype, according to the design process proposed in this paper, a truncated damper is designed. The static pushing and low-cycle reciprocating simulation of the two walls before and after the damper is installed are carried out by using the modeling method mentioned above. The analysis results are compared and the conclusion is drawn that the ductility of the structure after the damper is installed. The failure mode is that the damper yields before the connecting beam and the wall, the overall deformation mode does not change, the hysteretic curve of the structure is more full, the energy consumption of the damper accounts for more than 40% of the total energy consumption of the structure, and the additional damping ratio of the structure is about 5%. The precondition of the original structure proposed in the design process is that the failure mode of the original structure is that the coupling beam yields before the wall leg, because from the simulation results, the effect of the coupling beam yielding before the wall leg is obviously better than that of the coupling beam yielding after the installation of dampers. It is superior and achieves the expected design goal.
Finally, a typical reinforced concrete frame-double-leg shear wall high-rise structure is selected, and the corresponding energy dissipation dampers are designed by using the method proposed in this paper, and the elastic-plastic time-history response analysis of the two types of structures is carried out by using the simulation method recommended in this paper. It can ensure the safety and initial stiffness of the energy-dissipating structure under the preset target, reduce the input of seismic energy effectively, improve the distribution and development of the plastic hinge between the connecting beam and the wall leg, and thus improve the energy-dissipating mode of the structure. It provides a new way of thinking for research and engineering application of shear wall structure system.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU352.11;TU375
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