基于位置服务数据的城市活动空间研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 14:24

【摘要】：自20世纪90年代以来,以互联网为代表的信息通信技术(ICTs)在全球范围内得到快速的发展,信息通信设备不仅成为现代生活的必需品并被广泛使用,并且已经融入到人们日常生活的各个方面。信息时代的到来与发展,在给社会经济发展与空间组织带来深刻影响的同时,也给人们的时空行为活动带来了一系列变革。以新浪微博为代表的网络社区迅速发展,并成为当前最具影响力的社交网络平台。而随着LBS签到服务的应用,微博签到数据记录了微博用户活动时空数据,从而为城市活动空间结构的研究提供了实时的大数据。改革开放以来,随着国家土地制度、财政制度以及住房制度等的改革,我国城市经历了社会、经济、空间的深刻变革。当前,城市空间仍然处在重构的阶段,城市空间结构也经历着发展与变化,这也必然影响到城市活动空间。而随着全球化、信息化的不断影响,特别是随着移动信息通信技术对居民活动方式的加速改变(新的流动范式),给城市活动空间带来更大的影响,继而又影响到城市空间结构。基于此,本文借助新浪微博社区,引入LBS大数据,从居民实际活动的角度对城市空间的分析,一方面丰富和扩展已有的城市空间研究方法,同时也能够更好的解读ICT对城市空间结构的影响,从而更好的服务于当前快速转型的城市社会经济发展与城市空间结构的优化,并对城市空间的发展与规划起到积极有效的指导作用。本文首先从时间与活动内容、活动内容与空间、时间与空间三个方面分析城市活动时空间的特征、动态变化及形成机制；并从居民活动出发,构建、识别城市活动空间要素以分析城市活动空间结构。其次,通过对城市活动空间结构(基于人的活动)与现状城市空间结构(基于城镇人口、用地等物质形态)的对比,从空间等级、用地与活动关系及用地组织、空间流动性、功能区划四个方面分析信息时代下,ICT(特别是移动信息通信技术)对居民行为活动的影响,继而对城市空间结构产生的影响。文章章节安排如下：第一章,绪论。包括本文的研究背景、研究意义、相关概念、研究对象、研究范围、研究方法与研究框架。通过分析,指出引入微博签到大数据来研究城市活动空间的可行性和重要意义。第二章,国内外相关研究进展。从城市活动空间、信息时代居民行为活动、大数据三个方面对已有研究的归纳总结,提出从居民活动、时间、空间三个要素分析信息时代下的城市活动空间。第三章,数据采集与处理。包括数据的采集过程、结构设计以及有效数据提取及分类。第四章,城市居民活动时空间分析。分别分析居民活动时间规律、城市活动空间特征及动态变化以及城市活动空间的形成机制,并进一步提出了包括活动路径、活动区域、活动边界、活动节点、中央活动区在内的城市活动空间结构。第五章,ICT对城市空间结构的影响分析。对比基于微博签到的城市活动空间结构与现状城市空间结构,从空间等级、用地组织、空间流动性、功能区划四个方面,进一步探讨ICT对城市空间结构的影响。第六章,结论与讨论。总结论文的主要研究成果,以及存在问题,并对进一步研究与实践的展望。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, the information communication technology (ICTs) represented by the Internet has rapidly developed worldwide, and the information communication equipment is not only a necessity for modern life and is widely used, and has been integrated into various aspects of people's daily life. The arrival and development of information age brings a series of changes to people's time and space activities while bringing profound influence on social and economic development and space organization. The network community represented by Sina Weibo is rapidly developing and becomes the most influential social network platform. With the application of the LBS check-in service, the micro-blog check-in data records the time-space data of the micro-Bo user's activities, thus providing real-time large data for the research of urban space spatial structure. Since the reform and opening-up, with the reform of the state land system, the financial system and the housing system, our city has experienced a profound social, economic and spatial Change. At present, urban space is still in the stage of reconstruction, urban space structure also undergoes development and change, which inevitably affects urban activities With the development of globalization and information, especially with the acceleration change of mobile information communication technology to residents' activities (new paradigm of flow), the urban space brings greater influence, and then influences the urban space. Based on this, this paper introduces the analysis of the urban space from the angle of the actual activities of the residents by means of the Sina Weibo community, and enriches and expands the existing methods of urban space research, but also can better understand the ICT to the urban spatial structure. Impact, so that better serve the urban socio-economic development and urban spatial structure optimization of the current fast transformation, and play an active and effective guide to the development and planning of urban space The paper firstly analyzes the characteristics, dynamic changes and formation mechanism of urban activities in three aspects: time and content, content of activity and space, time and space; and starts from the activities of the residents, constructs and identifies the factors of urban activities to analyze the urban living. Secondly, by comparing the spatial structure of urban activities (on the basis of human activities) and the existing urban spatial structure (based on the physical form of population, land, etc.), the spatial grade, land and activity relation and land organization are obtained. The influence of ICT (especially mobile information communication technology) on the behavior of residents is analyzed in four aspects of spatial mobility and functional zoning, and then the urban spatial structure is discussed. Impact on production. The article section arrangement is as follows: The first chapter is the introduction, including the research background, the research significance, the related concepts, the research object, the research norm. Through the analysis, it is pointed out that the introduction of micro-Bo sign-in big data to study the city activity The feasibility and significance of space. In the second chapter, the research progress in home and abroad is summarized from three aspects: urban activity space, information age population behavior activity and large data, and proposes three elements from the activity, time and space of the residents. Analyzing Urban Activities under the Information Age Space. Chapter 3, Data Acquisition and Processing. Including Data Acquisition Distance, structure design and effective data extraction and separation Chapter 4, spatial analysis of urban residents' activities, analyzes the time law of residents' activities, the spatial characteristics and dynamic changes of urban activities and the formation mechanism of urban active space, and further puts forward the activities including the moving path, the active area, the active boundary and the living space. The spatial structure of urban activities including dynamic node and central active area Chapter 5, the impact analysis of ICT on urban spatial structure, compares the spatial structure and current urban spatial structure of urban activities based on micro-wave sign-in, from the spatial level, land-use organization, spatial liquidity and functional zoning. Four aspects, further discussion The influence of ICT on urban spatial structure.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP393.092;TU984.113

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