基于混沌特征的电梯故障检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 17:22

【摘要】：进入21世纪,随着高层建筑的急剧增加,使得电梯需求量越来越多,人们对电梯的安全性和可靠性提出了更高的要求。近几年,关于电梯故障导致人员伤亡和财产损失的报道频频出现,为了提高故障检测的灵敏度,电梯系统故障检测成为国际上电梯业专家学者研究的热点之一。本文深入分析了电梯各个组成结构中易出现的故障特点,利用混沌理论的相关特征和方法,针对永磁同步电梯曳引系统中永磁同步电动机系统的故障特性,将混沌模型与电梯故障检测理论相结合,提出一种基于混沌特征的电梯故障检测方法,提高了电梯故障检测的高效率性和准确性。本文研究对于电梯故障检测问题具有重要的实用价值和应用前景。本文研究的主要工作及成果如下： (1)在参阅借鉴大量国内外相关文献的基础上,确定课题研究的可行性方案,分析了故障检测的研究现状,提出了一种将混沌模型与故障检测理论相结合的电梯故障检测方法。 (2)探讨了非线性系统中混沌学的相关理论和方法。永磁同步电梯中电动机系统是典型的非线性动力系统,对电梯电动机系统的混沌故障检测分析,符合非线性动力系统的分析范畴。分析了永磁同步电梯中各个系统的构成和故障特征。课题主要应用混沌对初始条件的敏感依赖性这一特征,通过时序图和混沌吸引子图的方法分析永磁同步电动机的复杂运行状态。 (3)研究了永磁同步电动机动态特性,提出了基于永磁同步电动机的传统数学模型去建立适用于永磁同步电动机的混沌运动分析模型。 (4)在保证电梯正常运行的情况下,把永磁同步电动机运行信号输入混沌模型中,通过MATLAB对混沌模型进行仿真分析,在改变混沌模型的控制参数条件下所仿真出的混沌相序图可以观察到系统的四种运行状态,证明了永磁同步电动机存在混沌现象。 (5)在永磁同步电梯控制系统中,当混沌模型的控制参数趋于稳定,永磁同步电动机系统处于混沌运动状态下,通过改变电动机系统故障特点所对应的初始条件,利用MATLAB仿真平台进行实验,仿真结果表明系统出现故障时呈现出不同的混沌状态。 (6)针对系统不同状况的仿真结果对比分析,讨论了系统在出现故障时混沌运行状态的特点,证明所提方法检测电梯故障的可行性和有效性。 (7)对本课题的研究做出了总结,并对课题的进一步研究工作进行了展望。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, with the rapid increase of high-rise buildings, more and more elevator demand, people put forward higher requirements for the safety and reliability of elevators. In recent years, there have been frequent reports of casualties and property losses caused by elevator failures. In order to improve the sensitivity of fault detection, elevator system fault detection has become one of the hot spots of international elevator industry experts and scholars. In this paper, the fault characteristics of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system in the permanent magnet synchronous elevator traction system are analyzed, and the fault characteristics of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system in the permanent magnet synchronous elevator traction system are analyzed. By combining chaotic model with elevator fault detection theory, a new elevator fault detection method based on chaotic characteristics is proposed, which improves the high efficiency and accuracy of elevator fault detection. The research in this paper has important practical value and application prospect for elevator fault detection. The main work and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of referring to a large number of domestic and foreign related literature, the feasibility scheme of the subject is determined, and the research status of fault detection is analyzed. A method of elevator fault detection based on chaos model and fault detection theory is proposed. (2) the related theories and methods of chaos in nonlinear systems are discussed. The motor system in permanent magnet synchronous elevator is a typical nonlinear dynamic system. The chaotic fault detection and analysis of the elevator motor system accords with the analysis category of nonlinear dynamic system. The structure and fault characteristics of each system in permanent magnet synchronous elevator are analyzed. Based on the characteristic of the sensitivity of chaos to initial conditions, the complex operation state of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is analyzed by time sequence diagram and chaotic attractor diagram. (3) the dynamic characteristics of PMSM are studied. Based on the traditional mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the chaotic motion analysis model of PMSM is established. (4) under the condition of ensuring the normal operation of the elevator, The operation signal of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is input into the chaotic model. The chaotic model is simulated and analyzed by MATLAB. The chaotic phase sequence diagram can be used to observe the four running states of the system under the condition of changing the control parameters of the chaotic model. It is proved that the permanent magnet synchronous motor exists chaos phenomenon. (5) in the permanent magnet synchronous elevator control system, when the control parameters of the chaotic model tend to be stable, the permanent magnet synchronous motor system is in the state of chaotic motion. By changing the initial conditions corresponding to the fault characteristics of the motor system, the experiment is carried out by using the MATLAB simulation platform. The simulation results show that there are different chaotic states when the system fails. (6) comparing and analyzing the simulation results of the system under different conditions, the characteristics of the chaotic operation state of the system when the fault occurs are discussed. It is proved that the proposed method is feasible and effective to detect elevator faults. (7) the research of this subject is summarized and the further research work is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU857

【参考文献】