推土机工作装置运动学分析及优化设计
发布时间：2018-11-15 07:34
【摘要】：推土机利用工作装置进行土石方作业,性能优良的工作装置对于减轻推土机整机重量、提高推土机工作效率和技术经济指标都具有重要的意义。本文针对某型号推土机工作装置在工程作业中出现的提升油缸顶部铰点失效现象,主要做了以下几个方面的工作：1、建立了工作装置理论计算数学模型。选取推土机工作装置各杆件间的相对转角为变量参数,推导出了各个构件上铰接点的运动轨迹方程。应用MATLAB对各铰点坐标进行了求解,从而得出了倾斜油缸长度与提升油缸底端铰点的关系曲线,进而可得到倾斜油缸在任意长度下,提升油缸上下铰点的位置,计算结果表明,在任意工况下上、下铰点的距离均在设计值范围内,机构合理。2、建立了工作装置虚拟样机模型。利用Pro/E软件对推土机工作装置进行实体建模,将建立的实体模型导入ADAMS软件中,根据实际工况对推土机工作装置刚体模型进行运动学仿真,从而求得铲刀和各铰接点的速度、加速度曲线以及铲刀的侧倾高度。此外,通过动力学仿真得到了各铰接点的受力曲线和提升液压缸作用力曲线。3、确定典型工况,并对各工况进行了实车试验。通过试验测试得到了推土机铲刀处于水平位置、最低位置及最高位置时,倾斜油缸在伸长与收缩工况下该工作装置中各个杆件的应变曲线,进而求出各杆件的作用力,将动力学仿真得到的提升油缸作用力与其进行比较,结果表明,本文所建动力学模型分析结果与试验结果较为吻合,从而验证了所建样机模型的正确性。4、建立了工作装置虚拟样机参数化模型。对推土机工作装置提升油缸顶部铰点的受力情况进行了优化计算,得到了不同位置下的铰点作用力曲线,求出了样机模型的最优解。
[Abstract]:The work device of bulldozer is of great significance to lighten the weight of the bulldozer and to improve the working efficiency and technical and economic index of the bulldozer. In view of the failure of the top hinge of a certain type of bulldozer working device in engineering operation, this paper mainly does the following work: 1, the mathematical model of the working device theory is established. The relative rotation angle between the members of the bulldozer is chosen as the variable parameter and the trajectory equation of the hinged points on each member is derived. The coordinate of each hinge point is solved by using MATLAB, and the relation curve between the length of inclined oil cylinder and the hinge point of bottom end of lift cylinder is obtained, and the position of upper and lower hinge points of inclined cylinder can be obtained under any length. The calculation results show that, Under any working condition, the distance of the lower hinge point is within the range of design value, and the mechanism is reasonable. 2. The virtual prototype model of the working device is established. The solid model of bulldozer working device is modeled by Pro/E software, and the established entity model is imported into ADAMS software, and the rigid body model of bulldozer working device is simulated by kinematics according to the actual working condition. The velocity, acceleration curve and the tilting height of the scraper and each hinge point are obtained. In addition, the force curve of each hinge point and the force curve of the lifting cylinder are obtained by dynamic simulation. 3. The typical working conditions are determined, and the actual vehicle tests are carried out. When the bulldozer blade is in the horizontal position, the lowest position and the highest position, the strain curves of each member of the working device are obtained under the condition of elongation and contraction of the inclined oil cylinder, and the force of each member is obtained. The dynamic simulation results show that the analysis results of the dynamic model are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the correctness of the model is verified. 4. The parameterized model of the virtual prototype of the working device is established. The stress on the top hinge of the hoisting cylinder of the bulldozer is optimized, and the force curve of the hinge is obtained at different positions, and the optimal solution of the prototype model is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU623.5
[Abstract]:The work device of bulldozer is of great significance to lighten the weight of the bulldozer and to improve the working efficiency and technical and economic index of the bulldozer. In view of the failure of the top hinge of a certain type of bulldozer working device in engineering operation, this paper mainly does the following work: 1, the mathematical model of the working device theory is established. The relative rotation angle between the members of the bulldozer is chosen as the variable parameter and the trajectory equation of the hinged points on each member is derived. The coordinate of each hinge point is solved by using MATLAB, and the relation curve between the length of inclined oil cylinder and the hinge point of bottom end of lift cylinder is obtained, and the position of upper and lower hinge points of inclined cylinder can be obtained under any length. The calculation results show that, Under any working condition, the distance of the lower hinge point is within the range of design value, and the mechanism is reasonable. 2. The virtual prototype model of the working device is established. The solid model of bulldozer working device is modeled by Pro/E software, and the established entity model is imported into ADAMS software, and the rigid body model of bulldozer working device is simulated by kinematics according to the actual working condition. The velocity, acceleration curve and the tilting height of the scraper and each hinge point are obtained. In addition, the force curve of each hinge point and the force curve of the lifting cylinder are obtained by dynamic simulation. 3. The typical working conditions are determined, and the actual vehicle tests are carried out. When the bulldozer blade is in the horizontal position, the lowest position and the highest position, the strain curves of each member of the working device are obtained under the condition of elongation and contraction of the inclined oil cylinder, and the force of each member is obtained. The dynamic simulation results show that the analysis results of the dynamic model are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the correctness of the model is verified. 4. The parameterized model of the virtual prototype of the working device is established. The stress on the top hinge of the hoisting cylinder of the bulldozer is optimized, and the force curve of the hinge is obtained at different positions, and the optimal solution of the prototype model is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU623.5
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