唐宋时期安岳佛教石窟建筑研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 12:47

【摘要】：相对于世界闻名的中国四大石窟，巴蜀地区的石窟除了大足石刻可谓享有盛誉外，其余大多则显得默默不彰。近几十年来一些学者已经开始逐渐把研究的目光投向到巴蜀地区石窟上来，在不同的学科取得了一系列的研究成果。但是对于毗邻大足石刻的安岳石窟的研究，主要还停留在造像艺术层面，专门从建筑角度出发的研究则寥寥无几。而石窟作为佛教建筑的三大类型之一，其实并不乏充足的研究内容。针对这一问题，，本论文尝试从建筑历史研究的视角对安岳石窟中的重点石窟进行一次系统的分析与总结。安岳石窟距离大足石刻不远，与大足石刻相比，安岳石窟在安岳县分布得非常分散，由于种种原因，在整体保存上不如大足石刻完好。但是此地石窟胜在开龛造像的数目之众，仅就一县之地而言，谓其冠居巴蜀地区也不为过，况且其中仍然有不少研究价值较高的精品窟龛。经过调研与资料收集，本文在写作过程进行了三部分内容的研究：从历史时间的先后顺序简述安岳石窟起源于南北朝、壮大于唐代、发展于五代、兴盛于宋代、衰落于元初的整个过程。这部分从社会人文的角度分析了安岳石窟得以发展的原因，并且指出了唐代、五代、宋代三个不同时期石窟建筑营造主体的时代特色。对唐宋年间的安岳佛教石窟的分布情况、窟龛建筑形制和建筑装饰细节进行了初步统计与说明。简述了石窟形制的流变，描述了安岳石窟的窟龛特色和窟龛组合方式，分析了安岳地区的地质和交通状况，推断安岳石窟得以发展的地理因素，并通过举例说明安岳石窟所体现的佛教文化特征。通过实例分别对各时期的经变相龛中所表现的石雕建筑形象进行分析，对其他窟龛中的石雕佛教建筑形象进行分类整理。从这些直观建筑形象来印证唐宋时期的各种建筑特征。
[Abstract]:Compared with the four world-famous caves in China, the Bashu grottoes, except Dazu stone carvings, are mostly silent. In recent decades, some scholars have begun to focus on the Bashu grottoes gradually, and have made a series of research results in different disciplines. But the study of Anyue Grottoes, which is adjacent to Dazu stone carvings, mainly stays at the level of portrait art, and few studies are made from the architectural point of view. As one of the three major types of Buddhist architecture, grottoes are not lack of sufficient research content. Aiming at this problem, this paper attempts to analyze and summarize the key caves in Anyue Grottoes from the perspective of architectural history. Anyue Grottoes are not far from Dazu stone carvings. Compared with Dazu stone carvings, Anyue Grottoes are scattered in Anyue County. For various reasons, they are not as well preserved as Dazu stone carvings. But the number of grottoes in the niche is not too much for a county alone, and there are still a lot of fine grottoes with high research value. Through investigation and data collection, this article has carried on three parts research in the writing process: from the historical time sequence brief introduction Anyue Grottoes originated in the Southern and Northern dynasties, expanded in the Tang Dynasty, developed in the five dynasties, flourished in the Song Dynasty. The whole process of decline in the early Yuan Dynasty. This part analyzes the reasons for the development of Anyue Grottoes from the angle of social and humanities, and points out the characteristics of the main body of the cave architecture in three different periods: the Tang Dynasty, the five dynasties and the Song Dynasty. The distribution of Anyue Buddhist grottoes in the Tang and Song dynasties, the architectural form and architectural decoration details of the caves are preliminarily analyzed and explained. This paper briefly describes the evolution of the grottoes, describes the characteristics of the grotto niches and the combination of the grottoes in Anyue Grottoes, analyses the geological and traffic conditions in Anyue area, and deduces the geographical factors for the development of Anyue Grottoes. The Buddhist cultural characteristics embodied in Anyue Grottoes are illustrated by examples. Through examples, the paper analyzes the image of stone carving architecture in various periods, and classifies the image of Buddhist stone sculpture in other caves. From these visual architectural images to verify the Tang and Song dynasties of various architectural characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU252

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