无锡市典型绿地植物景观研究与评价

发布时间：2018-11-22 11:13

【摘要】：本文从城市绿地进入植物景观研究与评价是最为直接有效的,而城市绿地当中植物这一主要载体不仅是城市景观建设的要素,其更通过发挥美学特性、生物特性来达到建设生态城市的目的。无锡是苏南园林建设较为突出的一个城市,近几年通过不断努力发展城市园林绿地,已经成为了国家园林城市,因此其在绿地方面的建设和经验也是研究的对象和方向。本文主要以植物群落学、城市园林生态学、园林美学、美景度评价等理论为指导,以无锡市较为典型的城市绿地的植物景观为研究对象。通过对无锡市的18个城市绿地,45个样地进行调查。根据城市绿地系统分类标准,对这些绿地进行详细归纳划分为公园绿地、道路绿地、居住区绿地、校园绿地、广场绿地、滨水绿地6种绿地类型。对这6种绿地类型中的园林植物进行了从植物景观配置模式、植物种类组成、植物观赏特性的详细分析,并通过心理物理学方法中的SBE景观评价方法对这6中绿地类型的景观进行了量化分析,从更加客观的数据方面分析城市居民对每种绿地类型喜好程度。文章通过研究得出的主要内容和结论有： (1)首先,对6种绿地类型从植物景观配置模式方面分析,针对每种类型绿地中的代表样地进行景观空间和植物特性分析。得出绿地植物景观传达的效果与绿地建成的时间早晚有关、与在城市所占的地理位置有关、与使用人群特点有关、与绿地使用面积有关。 (2)其次,通过对所调查的45个样地的植物种类汇总得出无锡是城市绿地主要应用植物90科197属307种,其中应用较多的植物主要集中在柏科、禾本科、百合科、木兰科、蔷薇科、豆科、木樨科、忍冬科、菊科。还总结了出现频率最高的前10种应用植物。在对植物色彩特性方面的研究得出观叶、花、果多选用红色系和黄色系,茎干色多为绿色系；在对植物嗅觉特性方面的研究得出芳香植物可善用但要慎用；在对外来植物和乡土植物方面应用方面研究得出,控制外来植物使用,发掘乡土植物应用。 (3)再次,对无锡6种城市绿地类型进行SBE值的计算分析,得出人们倾向于植物复层结构配置,也更加倾向于有互动性的滨水景观,喜爱模拟自然环境的植物景观配置和有优美林冠线的景观形式。 (4)最后,结合前面全部分析内容从植物景观的角度对无锡市城市绿地景观营造进行讨论和总结,得出景观喜爱程度为道路绿地居住区绿地公园绿地滨水绿地校园绿地广场绿地,并结合具体情况提出不足和优化建议。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the research and evaluation of plant landscape from urban green space to plant landscape is the most direct and effective, and the main carrier of plant in urban green space is not only the element of urban landscape construction, but also the aesthetic characteristic. Biological characteristics to achieve the purpose of building an ecological city. Wuxi is a city with outstanding garden construction in southern Jiangsu. In recent years, through continuous efforts to develop urban green space, Wuxi has become a national garden city, so its construction and experience in green space is also the object and direction of study. Based on the theories of plant community, urban landscape ecology, landscape aesthetics and beauty evaluation, this paper takes the plant landscape of Wuxi as the research object. Through the investigation of 18 urban greenbelts and 45 sample plots in Wuxi city. According to the classification standard of urban green space system, the green space is classified into six types: park green space, road green space, residential green space, campus green space, square green space and waterfront green space. In this paper, the landscape pattern, plant species composition and plant ornamental characteristics of the six types of green space were analyzed in detail. Through the SBE landscape evaluation method in the psychophysical method, the landscape of these six green space types was analyzed quantitatively, and the degree of preference of urban residents to each type of green space was analyzed from the more objective data. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) firstly, six types of green space are analyzed from the aspect of plant landscape allocation model, and the landscape space and plant characteristics of representative plots in each type of green space are analyzed. It is concluded that the effect of green plant landscape transmission is related to the time of green space completion sooner or later, to the geographical location occupied by the city, to the characteristics of the people who use it, and to the area used for green space. (2) secondly, by collecting the plant species of 45 sample plots, it is concluded that Wuxi is the main applied plant in urban green space, belonging to 90 families, 197 genera, 307 species, among which, the most used plants are mainly cypress, Gramineae, lily, Magnoliaceae, etc. Rosaceae, Leguminosae, Melilaceae, Lonicera, Compositae. The top 10 applied plants with the highest frequency were also summarized. In the study of plant color characteristics, it was found that red and yellow lines were used in the observation of leaves, flowers and fruits, and the stems were mostly green in color, and in the study of plant olfactory characteristics, it was concluded that aromatic plants could be well used but should be used with caution. In the aspect of application of exotic plants and native plants, it is concluded that the use of exotic plants should be controlled and the application of native plants should be explored. (3) thirdly, the SBE value of six types of urban green space in Wuxi is calculated and analyzed, and it is concluded that people tend to arrange the plant stratified structure, and are more inclined to the interactive waterfront landscape. Like plant landscape configuration and landscape form with beautiful forest canopy which simulates natural environment. (4) in the end, the author discusses and summarizes the urban green space landscape construction in Wuxi from the point of view of plant landscape in combination with all the previous analysis contents. It is concluded that the favorite degree of landscape is the green space of road green district, green space, waterfront green space, campus green space, and combined with the concrete situation, the paper puts forward some
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU985.2

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