严寒地区商场建筑冬季热舒适研究

发布时间：2018-11-24 13:10

【摘要】：商场建筑作为城市中商品买卖的主要场所，在人们生活中扮演着重要的角色。商场出现后经历了社会与经济的多次转变，其形式与功能也发生了很大的变化。人们在商场中的活动已经不局限于物品的买卖，更向着娱乐、休闲、餐饮等多元化的方向发展。随着物质条件的提高，人们对于现实生活的舒适感、愉悦感的要求也越来越高。而商场面对互相之间的竞争压力，也都竭力提高自身的消费环境，从而吸引消费者。调查研究表明，商场建筑在提升内部环境质量的过程中存在着诸多问题。商场内部温度普遍偏高，相对湿度普遍偏低，另有许多其他因素对人体热舒适有着不利影响。可见商场管理者在营造一个良好的室内热环境的过程中所做的努力既有不足之处，也存在过犹不及的误区。通过对国内外文献的查阅以及部分实例的考察，认为国内关于严寒地区商场热舒适问题的研究较少且不够深入。本文首先介绍前人对于热舒适理论的研究成果，，并阐述严寒地区冬季气候的特征及其对当地建筑与居民的影响，继而提出商场建筑在选址、空间形式、围护结构等各方面的特点以及这些特点对于室内热环境的影响。对商场建筑室内与热环境相关的物理环境因素以及个体差异可能对热舒适产生的影响进行分析。在哈尔滨与长春两座城市的4个大型商场进行物理环境实测与主观调查问卷发放。根据所得数据分析商场室内物理环境在空间与时间两个维度上的分布与变化特点，并根据这些特点总结商场环境的优势与不足。通过对调查问卷结果与实测数据相结合的分析，确定严寒地区商场建筑室内空气的热中性温度范围。讨论热中性与热舒适之间的关系，以及受严寒气候条件影响下人对热舒适期望值的特点。分析不同个体差异对于热感受的影响。通过对热舒适影响因素的总结与分析，为严寒地区商场建筑冬季热环境的提升做出指导性策略。
[Abstract]:As the main place of commodity trading in city, market building plays an important role in people's life. After the emergence of shopping malls, social and economic changes have taken place many times, and its forms and functions have also undergone great changes. People's activities in shopping malls are not limited to the sale of goods, but also towards entertainment, leisure, catering and other diversified directions. With the improvement of material conditions, people are demanding more and more comfort and pleasure in real life. In the face of competitive pressure, shopping malls also strive to improve their consumption environment, thereby attracting consumers. The investigation shows that there are many problems in the process of improving the quality of interior environment. The internal temperature of shopping mall is generally high, the relative humidity is generally low, and many other factors have a negative effect on the thermal comfort of human body. It can be seen that the efforts made by store managers in the process of creating a good indoor thermal environment are not only deficient, but also have some misunderstandings. Based on the reference of domestic and foreign literature and the investigation of some examples, it is concluded that the domestic research on the thermal comfort of shopping malls in severe cold areas is less and less thorough. This paper first introduces the previous research results of thermal comfort theory, and expounds the characteristics of winter climate and its influence on local buildings and residents in severe cold areas, and then puts forward the location and spatial form of market buildings. The characteristics of enclosure structure and its influence on indoor thermal environment. The physical environment factors related to thermal environment and the influence of individual differences on thermal comfort are analyzed. Physical environment measurement and subjective questionnaire were carried out in four large shopping malls in Harbin and Changchun. Based on the data obtained, the distribution and variation characteristics of indoor physical environment in shopping malls in two dimensions of space and time are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of market environment are summarized. The thermal neutral temperature range of indoor air in shopping malls in severe cold area was determined by analyzing the results of questionnaire and the measured data. This paper discusses the relationship between thermal neutrality and thermal comfort, and the characteristics of people's expectation of thermal comfort under the influence of cold weather conditions. The effects of individual differences on thermal perception were analyzed. Through summing up and analyzing the influencing factors of thermal comfort, this paper makes a guiding strategy for the promotion of winter thermal environment of shopping malls in severe cold areas.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU111.191

【参考文献】