基于建筑现象学的城市公共卫生间设计研究
发布时间:2018-11-25 20:26
【摘要】:随着城市的不断发展,人们生活水平的提高与文明意识的进一步加强,城市公共卫生间作为城市基础设施的重要组成部分,越来越受到人们的关注。现代生活赋予高度私密的卫生间以多重身份,卫生间不再只是解决生理需求的场所,它还必须满足功能全面、使用舒适、设计人性化等精神需求,给如厕者以一定的心理回应。这是一个从生理到心理的逾越过程,正是这个过程的存在,才导致了现代公共卫生间的重新审视。因此,对城市公共卫生间的设计研究越来越值得我们设计师的关注。 建筑现象学是由哲学思想现象学引申而来,从胡塞尔开始,经过梅洛—庞蒂的知觉现象学和海德格尔的存在现象学,进入舒尔茨建筑现象学的领域——场所精神,然后通过史蒂文·霍尔等建筑师的实践创作而发展的。本文主要基于建筑现象学的角度来考察城市公共卫生间的场所特征,关注人们在使用城市公共卫生间过程中的视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉等知觉体验。 本文首先对相关理论——建筑现象学进行辨析,找出适合城市公共卫生间设计研究的分析方式。 然后简要阐述了卫生间的定义、分类及其发展的历程。通过阐述城市公共卫生间的历史发展,对城市公共卫生间的发展历程及现状进行分析,了解我国城市公共卫生间的发展现状以及与发达国家之间的差距。 随后作者对城市公共卫生间场所特征进行考察,分别从城市公共卫生间外部、内部场所特征两方面来进行研究讨论,它是城市的基础设施,是城市建筑中体小量大的公共场所,也是个传达城市文明与进步的公共场所,而且他应具有可识别性。而从其内部场所特征来看,他应是解决城市人生理需求的公共场所,也是城市人休憩的公共场所,更是一个公共设施密集且以性别划分的公共场所。根据其场所特征得出其场所精神应一个建筑形态与周围环境协调,一个真正令人从生理到心理释放的轻松愉悦的场所。 接着分析公共卫生间内对人体感知——视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉体验产生影响的因素,如其建筑形态、光照、色彩、隔音、通风、材质及无障碍等方面,希望能创造出充满人性化,视觉体验良好,光环境丰富柔和,声环境愉悦,嗅觉满意的城市公共卫生间。 最后,通过对实例分析,力求诠释人们在公共卫生间内感受到最佳知觉体验。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the city, the improvement of people's living standard and the further strengthening of civilization consciousness, urban public toilet, as an important part of urban infrastructure, has been paid more and more attention. Modern life endows the highly private bathroom with multiple identities, and the toilet is no longer just a place to solve physiological needs, but also must meet the spiritual needs of comprehensive function, comfortable use, design of humanization, and give a certain psychological response to the toilet users. This is a process from physiology to psychology. It is the existence of this process that leads to the reexamination of modern public toilets. Therefore, the design of urban public toilets is more and more worthy of our designer's attention. The phenomenology of architecture is derived from the phenomenology of philosophical thought. From Husserl, through Melo-Ponty 's phenomenology of perception and Heidegger's phenomenology of existence, it enters the field of Schultz's phenomenology of architecture-the spirit of place. And then through the practice of Steven Hall and other architects to develop. Based on the phenomenological perspective of architecture, this paper investigates the local characteristics of urban public toilets, and pays attention to the visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile and other perceptual experiences of people in the process of using urban public toilets. In this paper, we first analyze the theory of architectural phenomenology, and find out the analysis method suitable for urban public toilet design. Then, the definition, classification and development of toilet are briefly described. Through expounding the historical development of urban public restrooms, this paper analyzes the development course and present situation of urban public restrooms, and finds out the development situation of urban public toilets in China and the gap between the urban public toilets and developed countries. Then the author investigates the characteristics of the public restrooms in the city and discusses them from two aspects: the exterior of the urban public toilets and the characteristics of the internal places. It is the infrastructure of the city and a small number of large public places in urban buildings. It is also a public place that conveys urban civilization and progress, and it should be recognizable. From the point of view of its internal characteristics, it should be a public place to meet the physiological needs of urban people, a public place for urban people to rest, and a public place with dense public facilities and divided by sex. According to the characteristics of the place, it is concluded that the spirit of the place should be harmonious with the surrounding environment, and a relaxing and pleasant place which can be released from physiology to psychology. Then it analyzes the factors that affect human perception in public toilets, such as building shape, illumination, color, sound insulation, ventilation, material quality and accessibility, etc, which affect the human body perception-vision, hearing, smell, tactile experience, etc. We hope to create a city public toilet full of humanization, good visual experience, rich and soft light environment, pleasant sound environment and satisfying sense of smell. Finally, through the analysis of examples, we try to interpret the best perceptual experience in public toilets.
【学位授予单位】:中南大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:TU247.9
本文编号:2357282
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the city, the improvement of people's living standard and the further strengthening of civilization consciousness, urban public toilet, as an important part of urban infrastructure, has been paid more and more attention. Modern life endows the highly private bathroom with multiple identities, and the toilet is no longer just a place to solve physiological needs, but also must meet the spiritual needs of comprehensive function, comfortable use, design of humanization, and give a certain psychological response to the toilet users. This is a process from physiology to psychology. It is the existence of this process that leads to the reexamination of modern public toilets. Therefore, the design of urban public toilets is more and more worthy of our designer's attention. The phenomenology of architecture is derived from the phenomenology of philosophical thought. From Husserl, through Melo-Ponty 's phenomenology of perception and Heidegger's phenomenology of existence, it enters the field of Schultz's phenomenology of architecture-the spirit of place. And then through the practice of Steven Hall and other architects to develop. Based on the phenomenological perspective of architecture, this paper investigates the local characteristics of urban public toilets, and pays attention to the visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile and other perceptual experiences of people in the process of using urban public toilets. In this paper, we first analyze the theory of architectural phenomenology, and find out the analysis method suitable for urban public toilet design. Then, the definition, classification and development of toilet are briefly described. Through expounding the historical development of urban public restrooms, this paper analyzes the development course and present situation of urban public restrooms, and finds out the development situation of urban public toilets in China and the gap between the urban public toilets and developed countries. Then the author investigates the characteristics of the public restrooms in the city and discusses them from two aspects: the exterior of the urban public toilets and the characteristics of the internal places. It is the infrastructure of the city and a small number of large public places in urban buildings. It is also a public place that conveys urban civilization and progress, and it should be recognizable. From the point of view of its internal characteristics, it should be a public place to meet the physiological needs of urban people, a public place for urban people to rest, and a public place with dense public facilities and divided by sex. According to the characteristics of the place, it is concluded that the spirit of the place should be harmonious with the surrounding environment, and a relaxing and pleasant place which can be released from physiology to psychology. Then it analyzes the factors that affect human perception in public toilets, such as building shape, illumination, color, sound insulation, ventilation, material quality and accessibility, etc, which affect the human body perception-vision, hearing, smell, tactile experience, etc. We hope to create a city public toilet full of humanization, good visual experience, rich and soft light environment, pleasant sound environment and satisfying sense of smell. Finally, through the analysis of examples, we try to interpret the best perceptual experience in public toilets.
【学位授予单位】:中南大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:TU247.9
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 汪浩;朱文一;;公厕与北京城[J];北京规划建设;2007年05期
2 宇轩;从一个厕所设计谈起——访X-Urban公司建筑师费晓华[J];时代建筑;2003年03期
,本文编号:2357282
本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/sgjslw/2357282.html