碳纳米管水泥基复合材料的力学与抗渗透性研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 11:51
【摘要】：碳纳米管(MWCNTs)被认为是目前性能最优异的纳米材料之一，具有良好的力学、电学、热学等物理性能以及化学稳定性。碳纳米管具有高长径比，，添加到水泥中具备纤维增韧和纳米填充特性。碳纳米管水泥基复合材料应具有高强度、高体积稳定性及高抗渗透性。目前碳纳米管水泥基复合材料的研究处于刚刚起步阶段，研究领域集中在力学性能和电学性能，有必要对复合材料进行系统和全面的探究。本文围绕碳纳米管水泥基复合材料的制备、力学及抗渗透性方面的内容进行较为系统的研究，通过一系列微观实验对碳纳米管的改善作用机理进行较为全面和深入的探索。主要包括以下研究工作： 如何将碳纳米管均匀分散在水泥基材料中是发挥碳纳米管优良性能的关键问题。系统的研究了不同分散工艺对碳纳米管分散性的影响，结合分散液稳定静置时间、SEM形貌分析、激光粒度仪分析粒度等方法对碳纳米管在水中的分散性进行验证。研究结果表明：PVP作表面活性剂结合超声分散工艺对碳纳米管分散效果最佳，高度分散的碳纳米管水泥基复合材料的宏观力学性能与普通水泥基材料相比，具有显著的改善作用。 通过三点弯曲、轴心受压和收缩实验对比研究了碳纳米管水泥基复合材料与普通水泥材料的力学性能和收缩性能，结合一系列微观实验分析碳纳米管的作用机理。研究结果表明：掺量为0.02%的碳纳米管水泥基复合材料在不同龄期的力学性能（抗弯强度、抗压强度）较普通水泥基材料有明显提高；碳纳米管的掺入有效减少了水泥基材料的收缩，尤其对早期收缩的改善作用较为显著。碳纳米管对力学和收缩的改善作用增强了水泥基材料抵御开裂的能力、减少了材料的内部缺陷。 水分的渗透对水泥基材料耐久性影响重大。通过吸水实验、抗渗透实验以及压汞实验对比研究了碳纳米管水泥基复合材料和普通水泥基材料的抗水渗性能。研究结果表明：碳纳米管的掺入对水泥基材料的孔隙特性有明显的改善，复合材料抗渗透性能提高，此结果对碳纳米管水泥基复合材料耐久性的深入研究具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) is considered to be one of the most excellent nanomaterials with excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal and chemical properties. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have high aspect ratio and fiber toughening and nano-filling properties. Carbon nanotube cement matrix composites should have high strength, high volume stability and high permeability resistance. At present, the research of carbon nanotube cement matrix composites is just in its infancy, the research field is focused on the mechanical properties and electrical properties, it is necessary to make a systematic and comprehensive study on the composite materials. In this paper, the preparation, mechanics and permeability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cement-based composites were systematically studied, and a series of microcosmic experiments were carried out to explore the mechanism of the improvement of CNTs. The main research work is as follows: how to distribute carbon nanotubes uniformly in cement based materials is the key problem to give full play to the excellent properties of carbon nanotubes. The influence of different dispersing processes on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes was systematically studied. The dispersion of carbon nanotubes in water was verified by the methods of stable static time of dispersion, SEM morphology analysis and particle size analysis by laser particle size analyzer. The results showed that PVP as surfactant combined with ultrasonic dispersion process had the best effect on carbon nanotube dispersion, and the macroscopical mechanical properties of highly dispersed carbon nanotube cement-based composites were compared with those of ordinary cement-based materials. It has remarkable improvement effect. Through three-point bending, axial compression and shrinkage experiments, the mechanical properties and shrinkage properties of carbon nanotube cement based composites and ordinary cement materials were studied. The mechanism of carbon nanotubes was analyzed in combination with a series of microscopic experiments. The results show that the mechanical properties (flexural strength, compressive strength) of carbon nanotube cement-based composites with 0.02% content at different ages are obviously higher than those of ordinary cement-based materials. The incorporation of carbon nanotubes can effectively reduce the shrinkage of cement-based materials, especially the improvement of early shrinkage. The improvement of mechanics and shrinkage of carbon nanotubes enhances the ability of cement based materials to resist cracking and reduces the internal defects of the materials. The permeability of water has a great influence on the durability of cement-based materials. The water permeability resistance of carbon nanotube cement-based composites and ordinary cement-based materials was studied by water absorption test, permeability resistance test and mercury injection test. The results show that the addition of carbon nanotubes can obviously improve the pore characteristics of cement-based materials and improve the permeability resistance of the composites. The results are of great significance for the further study of the durability of carbon nanotubes cement based composites.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU599
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) is considered to be one of the most excellent nanomaterials with excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal and chemical properties. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have high aspect ratio and fiber toughening and nano-filling properties. Carbon nanotube cement matrix composites should have high strength, high volume stability and high permeability resistance. At present, the research of carbon nanotube cement matrix composites is just in its infancy, the research field is focused on the mechanical properties and electrical properties, it is necessary to make a systematic and comprehensive study on the composite materials. In this paper, the preparation, mechanics and permeability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cement-based composites were systematically studied, and a series of microcosmic experiments were carried out to explore the mechanism of the improvement of CNTs. The main research work is as follows: how to distribute carbon nanotubes uniformly in cement based materials is the key problem to give full play to the excellent properties of carbon nanotubes. The influence of different dispersing processes on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes was systematically studied. The dispersion of carbon nanotubes in water was verified by the methods of stable static time of dispersion, SEM morphology analysis and particle size analysis by laser particle size analyzer. The results showed that PVP as surfactant combined with ultrasonic dispersion process had the best effect on carbon nanotube dispersion, and the macroscopical mechanical properties of highly dispersed carbon nanotube cement-based composites were compared with those of ordinary cement-based materials. It has remarkable improvement effect. Through three-point bending, axial compression and shrinkage experiments, the mechanical properties and shrinkage properties of carbon nanotube cement based composites and ordinary cement materials were studied. The mechanism of carbon nanotubes was analyzed in combination with a series of microscopic experiments. The results show that the mechanical properties (flexural strength, compressive strength) of carbon nanotube cement-based composites with 0.02% content at different ages are obviously higher than those of ordinary cement-based materials. The incorporation of carbon nanotubes can effectively reduce the shrinkage of cement-based materials, especially the improvement of early shrinkage. The improvement of mechanics and shrinkage of carbon nanotubes enhances the ability of cement based materials to resist cracking and reduces the internal defects of the materials. The permeability of water has a great influence on the durability of cement-based materials. The water permeability resistance of carbon nanotube cement-based composites and ordinary cement-based materials was studied by water absorption test, permeability resistance test and mercury injection test. The results show that the addition of carbon nanotubes can obviously improve the pore characteristics of cement-based materials and improve the permeability resistance of the composites. The results are of great significance for the further study of the durability of carbon nanotubes cement based composites.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU599
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