乡土建筑保护理论的梳理和研究

发布时间：2018-12-28 15:19

【摘要】：乡土建筑作为乡土生活的人为环境、条件和舞台,同时也作为乡土文化的载体和要素,在中国本土文化体系中占有重要的地位。中国是农业大国,乡土建筑作为中国建筑遗产的大宗,不研究乡土建筑就没有完整的中国建筑史。乡土建筑保护越来越受到重视,任何保护的实践都需要理论的参考和指导,所以对乡土建筑保护理论的梳理和研究对乡土建筑的保护是非常必要的。本论文的主要内容是对乡土建筑保护理论所进行的梳理和研究。通过对乡土建筑保护理论的竖向梳理,可以了解其理论的发展及完善过程,认知既有的历史过程,是乡土建筑保护理论的梳理和研究中的重要部分。国际社会以及国内通过的很多的国际宪章、法律法规文件都能反映出乡土建筑保护理论思想。以国际宪章和文件为线索,乡土建筑保护理论的发展过程分成早期阶段、中期阶段和成熟阶段这三个阶段。我国的乡土建筑保护理论受到西方理念的影响,基本与国际发展的一致。不论国际国内,乡土建筑保护理论发展的过程中,也受到了人文主义思潮、城市多样性思想以及可持续发展理念的影响,促进了乡土建筑保护理论的不断完善。乡土建筑保护理论的完善过程主要人们对乡土建筑保护的特殊性的认知决定的,同时对保护理论发展过程的梳理也反映出乡土建筑的特征及保护的特殊性。乡土建筑是地域环境、自然经济、乡土生活和现实需要的产物,它的价值也离不开对其特征的认知,这就决定了乡土建筑保护中地域性的保护、建筑技艺、传统和文化的保护,同时还要协调保护和发展的关系。乡土建筑保护模式包括就地保护模式、易地保护模式和整体保护模式；根据保护理念,可分为静态保护论、动态保护论和有机更新论。不同的保护模式和保护理念有着不同的侧重点,产生的背景和概念也不同。它们分别有着自己的特点,具有不同的适用性。乡土建筑遗产保护理论研究的体系是相当大的。本文仅对乡土建筑保护理论的发展历史和保护的理念进行了试探性的梳理和研究,希望为当代乡土建筑保护理论的完善建构提供依据。
[Abstract]:As the artificial environment, condition and stage of local life, local architecture plays an important role in the Chinese native culture system as well as the carrier and element of local culture. China is a large agricultural country. As a major part of Chinese architectural heritage, there is no complete history of Chinese architecture without studying local architecture. More and more attention has been paid to the protection of local buildings, and the practice of any protection needs theoretical reference and guidance, so it is very necessary to comb and study the theory of the protection of local buildings. The main content of this thesis is combing and studying the theory of local architecture protection. Through the vertical combing of the conservation theory of local architecture, we can understand the development and perfection of the theory, and recognize the existing historical process, which is an important part of the combing and research of the conservation theory of local architecture. Many international charters, laws and regulations adopted by the international community and at home can reflect the theory of the protection of native buildings. Based on the international charter and documents, the development process of the theory of local architecture protection is divided into three stages: the early stage, the middle stage and the mature stage. The theory of local architecture protection in China is influenced by western ideas and is consistent with international development. Both at home and abroad, the development of the theory of local architecture protection has been influenced by humanism, urban diversity and the concept of sustainable development, which has promoted the continuous improvement of the theory of local architecture protection. The perfection process of the conservation theory of local architecture is mainly determined by people's cognition of the particularity of the protection of local architecture. At the same time, the combing of the development process of conservation theory also reflects the characteristics of the local architecture and the particularity of protection. Local architecture is the product of regional environment, natural economy, local life and practical needs, and its value is inseparable from the recognition of its characteristics, which determines the protection of regional nature, architectural skills, tradition and culture in the protection of local architecture. At the same time, we must coordinate the relationship between protection and development. The conservation mode of local buildings includes local conservation mode, changing land protection mode and whole conservation mode, and can be divided into static protection theory, dynamic conservation theory and organic renewal theory according to the conservation concept. Different protection models and concepts have different emphases, backgrounds and concepts. They have their own characteristics and have different applicability. The system of theoretical research on the protection of local architectural heritage is quite large. In this paper, the history of the development of the conservation theory of local architecture and the concept of protection have been tentatively combed and studied in the hope of providing the basis for the perfect construction of the contemporary theory of protection of local architecture.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-87

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