关中地区明清建筑楹联研究

发布时间：2019-03-23 14:57

【摘要】：当代中国正在发生着深刻地变化，在我们的生活质量得到明显改善的同时也感受到了现代化带给我们文化上的一种冲击、断裂和失落。近些年来，随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，人们开始重新认识和解读民族文化，，要了解中国的传统文化，就得了解汉字。中华民族的先民们用整体的思维创造了汉文，说汉语、写汉字，又培养了我们同样的思维，而楹联恰恰是最能体现我们祖先们将汉字、文学、书法、意境和建筑空间相结合的天衣无缝的文化载体之一。本课题以关中地区的明清建筑楹联为主要研究对象。所谓“楹联”，就是悬挂在建筑正面明间正贴柱子上的联句，“楹”指古建筑明间前部门前的两根柱子，“联”指联句或联语，是由两个工整的对偶句构成的独立语句。楹联集文学、书法、篆刻艺术于一身，是绝大部分明清建筑的重要组成部分。本课题以文化人类学的研究方法为主，结合建筑类型学、建筑符号学的理论与方法。通过对实地调研资料与历史文献的解读，对关中地区明清建筑楹联上的文法、书法、章法和刀法以及在对楹联本体进行研究的基础上，再对楹联与明清建筑关系进行研究，这其中包括楹联对建筑空间的创造，楹联对建筑意境的营造，建筑为楹联的感发提供契机，建筑是楹联依附的载体，楹联在明清建筑中的功能、作用与价值等等。明清建筑楹联的类型、特征、制作工艺、历史发展轨迹等为明清建筑文化的研究提供了一个新的视角，为楹联和明清建筑相互依存及发展关系提出新的认识和见解。建筑楹联整体创造了秩序空间；楹联幅式创造了视觉空间；楹联书法创造了知觉空间。楹联在明清建筑中具有文化传承、道德教化、文艺审美、愉悦性情、记事写史、说明揭示、渲染氛围和游戏娱乐等功能。楹联在明清建筑中具有指导营建、点题立意、咏史怀古、情景交融、托物言志、借景喻理、扩展空间和装饰建筑等非常重要的作用。楹联在明清建筑中具有历史价值、审美价值、旅游价值和经济价值。除此之外，本课题的研究还得出了建设楹联数据库的的五个结构层次等成果。
[Abstract]:Contemporary China is undergoing profound changes. While our quality of life has been obviously improved, we also feel the impact, fracture and loss of modernization on our culture. In recent years, with the vigorous development of Chinese economy, people begin to understand and interpret the national culture again, in order to understand the Chinese traditional culture, we must understand the Chinese characters. The ancestors of the Chinese nation created the Chinese language, spoke Chinese, wrote Chinese characters, and trained us to think the same way, and couplets are precisely the ones that best reflect the Chinese characters, literature and calligraphy of our ancestors. The combination of artistic conception and architectural space is one of the seamless cultural carriers. This subject focuses on the couplets of Ming and Qing dynasties in Guanzhong area. The so-called "couplet" is a couplet hanging on the front of a building, which is attached to a column. "jacaranda" refers to the two pillars in front of the ancient building, and the "couplet" refers to a sentence or a couplet, which is an independent sentence composed of two neat dual sentences. Couplets, literature, calligraphy, seal cutting art in one, is an important part of most Ming and Qing architecture. This subject focuses on the research methods of cultural anthropology, combined with the theories and methods of architectural typology and architectural semiotics. Through the interpretation of field investigation materials and historical documents, this paper studies the relationship between couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties and the relationship between couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties on the basis of the study of couplets in the Ming and Qing dynasties and the grammar, calligraphy, chapter and knife methods of the couplets in the Ming and Qing dynasties in Guanzhong area. These include the creation of architectural space by couplets, the creation of architectural artistic conception by couplets, the opportunity provided by architecture for the emergence of couplets, the carrier of couplets' attachment, the functions, functions and values of couplets in the Ming and Qing dynasties architecture, and so on. The architectural couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties provide a new perspective for the study of architectural culture in Ming and Qing dynasties, and provide a new understanding and opinion for the interdependence and development relationship between couplets and architecture in Ming and Qing dynasties, such as the types, characteristics, making techniques, and historical development tracks of architectural couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties. Architectural couplets create order space; couplets create visual space; couplets calligraphy creates perceptual space. Couplets have the functions of cultural inheritance, moral education, literary and artistic aesthetics, pleasant temperament, memorizing and writing history, revealing, rendering atmosphere and entertainment in Ming and Qing dynasties. Couplets play a very important role in the construction of Ming and Qing dynasties, such as guiding construction, setting up a topic, singing history and nostalgia, blending scenery and scenery, supporting things and expressing aspirations, making use of landscape theory, expanding space and decorating architecture, and so on. Couplets have historical value, aesthetic value, tourist value and economic value in Ming and Qing dynasties. In addition, the study of this subject also obtains the five structural levels of the construction of couplets database.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-092

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