综合纠倾法在既有结构加固纠偏中的应用研究
发布时间：2019-04-01 20:15
【摘要】：近年来，由于地基处理不当或房屋使用过程中的不合理因素造成地基不均匀沉降进而导致既有结构倾斜的事故不少。特别是我国西北部处于湿陷性黄土地区，常因排水不畅、地下管网渗水等原因造成地基不均匀下沉，使既有结构倾斜。 对既有结构的纠偏常用方法主要有迫降和顶升两种方法。迫降法就是人为增大既有结构沉降较小的一侧的沉降量，迫降的方法有浸水法、应力解除法（也称作掏土法）、堆载法等；顶升法就是在稳定基础沉降的基础上，，在既有结构沉降较大的一侧顶升上部结构或基础从而使既有结构回正调平,顶升方法有静压桩顶升法、压密注浆顶升法和石灰桩顶升纠倾法等。在同一个既有结构上同时应用两种及以上的纠偏方法称为综合纠倾法。 本文以山西运城市某7层住宅楼的加固纠偏工程为背景，对综合应用钢筋混凝土托换桩加固和掏土浸水综合纠倾这种方法进行了深入细致的研究，主要成果如下： 1．总结了国内外加固纠偏技术的发展现状和经典案例，详细论述了既有结构常用的8种地基基础加固方法和10种纠偏方案，从场地稳定性、地基基础、勘察、设计、施工、管理等各方面深入分析既有结构发生倾斜的原因。 2．针对该工程的地勘报告、基础形式、周围环境，结合该既有结构的类型，强度特征等具体情况，详细阐述了本加固纠偏工程的加固方案和纠偏方案的选择及托换装加固方案和掏土、浸水综合纠偏方案的设计，重点说明了施工关键工序的工法及现场监测方案。 3．分析了压桩后原有地基与后压入的桩基共同组成的疏桩复合地基的工作原理、设计方法及可靠性。 4．利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS，建立模型，分析其在均质黄土地基条件下，单桩极限承载力的大小以及桩身轴力、桩侧摩阻力随桩身入土深度的关系，并建立了不同桩距、不同桩长的模型，计算适合本工程的最合理桩距和桩长，来优化布桩。 该加固工程的成功进一步证明了托换桩加固、掏土浸水综合法纠倾是一种解决房屋倾斜问题的可靠、有效处理方法。该方法施工工期短、纠偏效果好，适合在我国西北部湿陷性黄土地区推广使用，为类似工程提供理论和实践参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to improper foundation treatment or unreasonable factors in the process of building use, the uneven settlement of the foundation has led to a lot of accidents of tilting the existing structures. Especially, the northwest of China is in the collapsible loess area, which often causes the foundation to sink unevenly due to the poor drainage and the seepage of the underground pipe network, so that the existing structure is tilted. There are two main methods for correcting deviation of existing structures: forced landing and lifting. The method of forced landing is to increase the settlement of one side of the existing structure by man-made means, such as immersion method, stress relief method (also known as soil-digging method), pile-loading method and so on. On the basis of stable foundation settlement, jacking method is to lift the superstructure or foundation on one side of the existing structure, so that the existing structure can be rectified, and the jacking method has static pressure pile jacking method. Compaction grouting jacking method and lime pile lifting correction method, etc. The application of two or more deviation correction methods on the same existing structure is called comprehensive inclination correction method. Based on the project of strengthening and rectifying deviation of a 7-storey residential building in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, this paper makes a thorough and meticulous study on the method of comprehensive application of reinforced concrete underpinning pile strengthening and dipping in soil and dipping water to rectify the deviation of a 7-storey residential building in Shanxi. The main achievements are as follows: 1. The present situation and classic cases of strengthening and correcting deviation technology at home and abroad are summarized, and the 8 methods and 10 rectification schemes of foundation commonly used in existing structures are discussed in detail, from the aspects of site stability, foundation, and so on, the main results are as follows: 1. Survey, design, construction, management and other aspects of in-depth analysis of the causes of existing structures tilt. 2. In the light of the geological prospecting report, basic form and surrounding environment of the project, and in the light of the type of the existing structure and the strength characteristics of the project, This paper expounds in detail the selection of the strengthening scheme and the rectifying scheme of this strengthening and rectifying project, and the design of the reinforcing scheme of underpinning and installation, the scheme of digging soil and the comprehensive rectifying scheme of dipping water, with emphasis on the construction method and on-the-spot monitoring scheme of the key process of construction. 3. The working principle, design method and reliability of the sparse pile composite foundation which is composed of the original foundation and the post-pressed pile foundation after the pile compression are analyzed. 4. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS, is used to establish the model and analyze the relationship between the ultimate bearing capacity of single pile, the axial force of the pile body and the friction resistance of the pile side with the depth of the pile body entering the soil under the condition of homogeneous loess foundation, and the different pile spacing is established. Different pile length models are used to optimize pile placement by calculating the most reasonable pile spacing and pile length suitable for this project. The success of the strengthening project further proves that the comprehensive method to rectify the slope of the building is a reliable and effective method to solve the problem of tilting of the building by means of the comprehensive method for the consolidation of the underpinning pile and the dipping of soil and water. The method has the advantages of short construction period and good deviation correction effect, which is suitable for popularizing and using in collapsible loess area of northwest China, and provides theoretical and practical references for similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU753.8
本文编号：2451872
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to improper foundation treatment or unreasonable factors in the process of building use, the uneven settlement of the foundation has led to a lot of accidents of tilting the existing structures. Especially, the northwest of China is in the collapsible loess area, which often causes the foundation to sink unevenly due to the poor drainage and the seepage of the underground pipe network, so that the existing structure is tilted. There are two main methods for correcting deviation of existing structures: forced landing and lifting. The method of forced landing is to increase the settlement of one side of the existing structure by man-made means, such as immersion method, stress relief method (also known as soil-digging method), pile-loading method and so on. On the basis of stable foundation settlement, jacking method is to lift the superstructure or foundation on one side of the existing structure, so that the existing structure can be rectified, and the jacking method has static pressure pile jacking method. Compaction grouting jacking method and lime pile lifting correction method, etc. The application of two or more deviation correction methods on the same existing structure is called comprehensive inclination correction method. Based on the project of strengthening and rectifying deviation of a 7-storey residential building in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, this paper makes a thorough and meticulous study on the method of comprehensive application of reinforced concrete underpinning pile strengthening and dipping in soil and dipping water to rectify the deviation of a 7-storey residential building in Shanxi. The main achievements are as follows: 1. The present situation and classic cases of strengthening and correcting deviation technology at home and abroad are summarized, and the 8 methods and 10 rectification schemes of foundation commonly used in existing structures are discussed in detail, from the aspects of site stability, foundation, and so on, the main results are as follows: 1. Survey, design, construction, management and other aspects of in-depth analysis of the causes of existing structures tilt. 2. In the light of the geological prospecting report, basic form and surrounding environment of the project, and in the light of the type of the existing structure and the strength characteristics of the project, This paper expounds in detail the selection of the strengthening scheme and the rectifying scheme of this strengthening and rectifying project, and the design of the reinforcing scheme of underpinning and installation, the scheme of digging soil and the comprehensive rectifying scheme of dipping water, with emphasis on the construction method and on-the-spot monitoring scheme of the key process of construction. 3. The working principle, design method and reliability of the sparse pile composite foundation which is composed of the original foundation and the post-pressed pile foundation after the pile compression are analyzed. 4. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS, is used to establish the model and analyze the relationship between the ultimate bearing capacity of single pile, the axial force of the pile body and the friction resistance of the pile side with the depth of the pile body entering the soil under the condition of homogeneous loess foundation, and the different pile spacing is established. Different pile length models are used to optimize pile placement by calculating the most reasonable pile spacing and pile length suitable for this project. The success of the strengthening project further proves that the comprehensive method to rectify the slope of the building is a reliable and effective method to solve the problem of tilting of the building by means of the comprehensive method for the consolidation of the underpinning pile and the dipping of soil and water. The method has the advantages of short construction period and good deviation correction effect, which is suitable for popularizing and using in collapsible loess area of northwest China, and provides theoretical and practical references for similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU753.8
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