建筑排水水封特性及器具通气性能实验研究

发布时间：2019-04-17 20:25

【摘要】：如何提高建筑排水系统的排水能力是目前建筑排水领域研究的热点问题,也是亟待解决的问题。建筑排水系统与我们生活息息相关,直接关系到我们的生活质量和身体健康,随着社会的不断发展,人们对于建筑排水系统的要求也越来越高,不仅要求建筑排水系统能够及时地将人们日常生活所产生的污废水排出,还需要建筑排水系统具有足够的可靠性及保证室内的环境卫生。我国建筑给排水行业通过这些年的发展和积累的工程实践经验,发现我国建筑排水领域还存在缺少专门的实验研究,相应的基础理论研究明显不足等问题,难以从根本上解决目前我国建筑排水系统所出现的问题。建筑排水系统的卫生及可靠性能是由水封部分决定的,而保证水封的可靠性主要可以从水封自身以及通气系统保护两个方面来确保水封不被破坏。本次实验研究专门针对建筑排水系统水封及通气方式设计了实验装置,首先提出了针对水封的实验条件(动压实验条件和静压实验条件),其次参照现行国家出台的有关规范,自主进行了实验装置的设计。动压实验条件下尽可能的模拟实际可能会出现的排水情况,采用强化排水条件进行测试,同时还进行了建筑排水器具通气性能的实验研究,测试了空气在通气管道中的流动阻力损失。针对水封特性的实验,主要从水封容积、水封比、水封高度三个影响水封特性的主要参数进行了实验设计,并结合国内外的相关理论,对实验结果进行了验证,提出了影响水封性能的理论,得出了水封容积、水封比、水封高度这三个因素分别对水封性能的影响及权重关系,并提出了对水封进行改良的建议。对排水系统器具通气方式的实验,从通气管管径及通气管道长度两个方面进行,借鉴国内外有关排水通气系统的相关理论,证实了通气管管径、通气管长度及选择的通气方式都会影响排水系统的通气效率和通气管道内的阻力损失,从而影响排水系统的排水能力,提出了排水系统通气管道最大允许长度和最小允许管径的规定,并提供了相应的技术数据。本次实验研究是建筑排水领域的基础性研究工作,对于建筑排水理论技术的发展具有积极的促进作用。
[Abstract]:How to improve the drainage capacity of building drainage system is a hot issue in the field of building drainage, and it is also an urgent problem to be solved. Building drainage system is closely related to our life, directly related to our quality of life and health. With the continuous development of society, people's requirements for building drainage system are getting higher and higher. It is not only required that the building drainage system be able to discharge the sewage produced by people's daily life in time, but also that the building drainage system should have sufficient reliability and ensure the indoor environmental hygiene. Through the development and accumulated practical experience of the construction water supply and drainage industry in China over the years, it is found that there are still some problems in the field of building drainage in China, such as the lack of special experimental research, and the obvious shortage of the corresponding basic theory research, and so on. It is difficult to solve the problem of building drainage system in China. The sanitary and reliable performance of building drainage system is determined by water seal, and the reliability of water seal can be ensured from two aspects: water seal itself and ventilation system protection. The experimental equipment is designed specifically for water seal and ventilation mode of building drainage system. Firstly, the experimental conditions (dynamic pressure test condition and static pressure test condition) for water seal are put forward, secondly, according to the relevant norms issued by the current country, The experimental device is designed independently. Under the dynamic pressure experimental conditions, the actual drainage conditions may be simulated as much as possible, and the reinforced drainage conditions are used to test the ventilation performance of the building drainage apparatus, at the same time, the experimental study on the ventilation performance of the building drainage apparatus is also carried out. The flow resistance loss of air in ventilation pipe was measured. According to the experiment of water seal characteristics, the experiment design is carried out mainly from the water seal volume, the water seal ratio and the water seal height which affect the water seal characteristic, and the experimental results are verified by combining the relevant theories at home and abroad. This paper puts forward the theory of influencing the performance of water seal, obtains the influence of water seal volume, water seal ratio and water seal height on the performance of water seal and the weight relation, and puts forward some suggestions for improving the performance of water seal. The experiment on ventilation mode of drainage apparatus is carried out from two aspects: the diameter of ventilation pipe and the length of ventilation pipe. The ventilation pipe diameter is confirmed by drawing lessons from the relevant theories of drainage ventilation system at home and abroad. The length of the vent pipe and the selected ventilation mode will affect the ventilation efficiency of the drainage system and the resistance loss in the ventilation pipe, thus affecting the drainage capacity of the drainage system. The regulations of maximum allowable length and minimum allowable diameter of ventilation pipe in drainage system are proposed, and the corresponding technical data are provided. This experimental study is the basic research work in the field of building drainage, and has an active role in promoting the development of building drainage theory and technology.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU823

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