扎兰屯近代城镇规划与建筑研究
发布时间：2019-06-12 01:03
【摘要】：中东铁路始建于十九世纪末，它是沙俄在中国东北部修筑的一条跨国铁路。其干线从满洲里到绥芬河，总长1481.2公里。沿线两侧被俄方占用的土地形成了特定区域，被称为“铁路专用地”。后来由于日本全面占领东北，将其统称为铁路附属地。在这些附属地中，扎兰屯是整个干线上最重要的站点之一。其自然条件独特，战略地位重要，与昂昂溪、博克图、一面坡、横道河子、满洲里等构成了铁路沿线的几个重要的功能区，有着自己形成的历史和地域特定条件。日、俄在扎兰屯驻扎军队，行使司法权，并设立机构对其进行行政管理。还在扎兰屯内伐木、垦殖、开矿，经营交通、工商、市政、金融，从事教育和其他各种文化活动，使扎兰屯迅速的崛起和繁荣。对于扎兰屯进行全面系统的研究，不仅有助于揭示中东铁路沿线较小附属地的城镇规划和建筑特色，，还为其他站点的系统研究提供借鉴意义。 本课题通过对历史资料的详查和对现存遗产现状的调研，总结分析扎兰屯城镇的原有机理、整理归类其历史保护建筑，并对其建筑艺术特色进行深入的探讨和研究。首先提出扎兰屯在中东铁路沿线上的功能定位和重要作用，以及城镇发展经历了两个重要的历史阶段，即沙俄占领时期和日本占领时期。在沙俄占领时期时，扎兰屯被划分为三级站点，规划形态以低密度的俄式建筑结合城市公园、森林等自然风光布局，城镇环境优美适居。建筑样式均为传统俄式风格，独具艺术特色。在日本占领时期，扎兰屯在原有市区基础上进行扩张，路网结构和功能格局也得到了适当的改变和优化。除此之外更设立学校、神社、协和会、县属等公共建筑，建筑样式多为现代风格，但历经战争岁月洗礼，遗存至今的已经不多。所以本文涉及到建筑艺术特色的研究，主要是针对俄式附属建筑的研究。 总之，论文以中东铁路附属地扎兰屯作为研究对象，分别从站点选址、城镇功能、布局形态、建筑归类以及艺术特色几个方面对其进行分析，从而揭示出扎兰屯在中东铁路沿线中占有的重要作用。并为日后的保护工作和学术研究提供一些借鉴。
[Abstract]:Founded in the late 19 th century, the Middle East Railway is a transnational railway built by Russia and Russia in northeast China. Its main line from Manzhouli to Suifen River, a total length of 1481.2 kilometers. The land occupied by Russia on both sides of the line forms a specific area, known as "railway land." Later, due to the full occupation of the Northeast by Japan, it was collectively referred to as a railway attachment. Of these satellite sites, Zalantun is one of the most important sites on the whole trunk line. Its natural conditions are unique and its strategic position is important. It has several important functional areas along the railway, such as Anonxi, Boktu, one slope, Hengdao Hezi, Manzhouli and so on, and has its own specific historical and regional conditions. In Japan, Russia stationed troops in Zalantun, exercised judicial power, and set up institutions to manage it. Also in Zalantun logging, reclamation, mining, transportation, industry and commerce, municipal, financial, engaged in education and other cultural activities, so that Zalantun rapid rise and prosperity. A comprehensive and systematic study of Zalantun is not only helpful to reveal the urban planning and architectural characteristics of the smaller affiliated areas along the Middle East Railway, but also provides a reference for the systematic research of other stations. Through the detailed investigation of historical data and the investigation of the present situation of the existing heritage, this paper summarizes and analyzes the original mechanism of Zalantun town, arranges and classifies its historical protected buildings, and makes a deep discussion and research on its architectural artistic characteristics. First of all, it puts forward the functional orientation and important role of Zalantun along the Middle East railway, and the development of cities and towns has gone through two important historical stages, namely, the period of Russian occupation and the period of Japanese occupation. During the period of Russian occupation, Zalantun was divided into three levels of stations, and the planning form was composed of low-density Russian buildings combined with urban parks, forests and other natural scenery layout, and the urban environment was beautiful and livable. Architectural styles are traditional Russian style, with unique artistic characteristics. During the period of Japanese occupation, Zalantun expanded on the basis of the original urban area, and the structure and functional pattern of the road network were also properly changed and optimized. In addition to the establishment of schools, shrines, Concorde, county and other public buildings, the architectural style is mostly modern style, but after the war years of baptism, the remains have not been many. Therefore, this paper involves the study of architectural art characteristics, mainly for the study of Russian-style ancillary architecture. In a word, this paper takes Zalantun, an affiliated part of Middle East Railway, as the research object, and analyzes it from the aspects of site selection, urban function, layout form, architectural classification and artistic characteristics, so as to reveal the important role of Zalantun along the Middle East Railway. And for the future protection work and academic research to provide some reference.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.2;TU-098.1
本文编号：2497599
[Abstract]:Founded in the late 19 th century, the Middle East Railway is a transnational railway built by Russia and Russia in northeast China. Its main line from Manzhouli to Suifen River, a total length of 1481.2 kilometers. The land occupied by Russia on both sides of the line forms a specific area, known as "railway land." Later, due to the full occupation of the Northeast by Japan, it was collectively referred to as a railway attachment. Of these satellite sites, Zalantun is one of the most important sites on the whole trunk line. Its natural conditions are unique and its strategic position is important. It has several important functional areas along the railway, such as Anonxi, Boktu, one slope, Hengdao Hezi, Manzhouli and so on, and has its own specific historical and regional conditions. In Japan, Russia stationed troops in Zalantun, exercised judicial power, and set up institutions to manage it. Also in Zalantun logging, reclamation, mining, transportation, industry and commerce, municipal, financial, engaged in education and other cultural activities, so that Zalantun rapid rise and prosperity. A comprehensive and systematic study of Zalantun is not only helpful to reveal the urban planning and architectural characteristics of the smaller affiliated areas along the Middle East Railway, but also provides a reference for the systematic research of other stations. Through the detailed investigation of historical data and the investigation of the present situation of the existing heritage, this paper summarizes and analyzes the original mechanism of Zalantun town, arranges and classifies its historical protected buildings, and makes a deep discussion and research on its architectural artistic characteristics. First of all, it puts forward the functional orientation and important role of Zalantun along the Middle East railway, and the development of cities and towns has gone through two important historical stages, namely, the period of Russian occupation and the period of Japanese occupation. During the period of Russian occupation, Zalantun was divided into three levels of stations, and the planning form was composed of low-density Russian buildings combined with urban parks, forests and other natural scenery layout, and the urban environment was beautiful and livable. Architectural styles are traditional Russian style, with unique artistic characteristics. During the period of Japanese occupation, Zalantun expanded on the basis of the original urban area, and the structure and functional pattern of the road network were also properly changed and optimized. In addition to the establishment of schools, shrines, Concorde, county and other public buildings, the architectural style is mostly modern style, but after the war years of baptism, the remains have not been many. Therefore, this paper involves the study of architectural art characteristics, mainly for the study of Russian-style ancillary architecture. In a word, this paper takes Zalantun, an affiliated part of Middle East Railway, as the research object, and analyzes it from the aspects of site selection, urban function, layout form, architectural classification and artistic characteristics, so as to reveal the important role of Zalantun along the Middle East Railway. And for the future protection work and academic research to provide some reference.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.2;TU-098.1
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 付雨千;昂昂溪中东铁路建筑群文化空间解析[D];哈尔滨工业大学;2015年
本文编号：2497599
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