高速曳引电梯的动态特性研究

发布时间：2019-06-15 01:28

【摘要】：随着社会的快速发展，城市人口密度越来越大，高层和超高层建筑不断涌现。作为高层建筑中的交通工具，电梯（特别是曳引式电梯）的应用越来越广泛，速度也在不断地提高。速度的提高、行程的增大导致高速电梯的结构更复杂，从而使电梯在高速运行过程中表现出更复杂的动态特性。国内外学者进行研究时，建立的高速电梯动力学模型往往不够准确，很少考虑到钢丝绳和滚动导靴在建立高速电梯动力学模型时的重要性，而且很少通过实验验证动力学模型的准确性。为此，本文针对高速电梯进行研究。（1）建立了高速电梯主要部件与整机模型，用有限元分析方法对电梯主要部件进行静力学分析，，并对局部结构进行优化。（2）考虑高速电梯的结构和动态特性参数特点，研究了钢丝绳离散量对高速电梯垂直动力学模型精确度的影响，根据机械系统动力学和拉格朗日方程建立绕绳比为1：1的高速电梯系统的15自由度垂直动力学模型，并使用MATLAB工具仿真分析其相关动态特性。（3）建立高速电梯水平方向4自由度振动微分方程，进行模态分析；引入滚动导靴径向动力学方程，建立电梯系统水平振动8自由度振动微分方程，对比分析滚动导靴对电梯水平方向固有频率的影响，并针对导轨的不平顺度形式进行电梯水平方向振动响应的研究。（4）利用频响函数法、互功率谱法对高速电梯系统进行模态实验，验证高速电梯系统垂直动力学模型和水平动力学模型的准确性，并对电梯系统进行振动响应实验，并根据仿真分析结果提出改进建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, the urban population density is increasing, high-rise and super-high-rise buildings continue to emerge. As a means of transportation in high-rise buildings, elevators (especially traction elevators) are more and more widely used, and the speed is also increasing. With the increase of speed and stroke, the structure of high-speed elevator is more complex, which makes the elevator show more complex dynamic characteristics in the process of high-speed operation. When scholars at home and abroad carry out research, the dynamic model of high-speed elevator is often not accurate enough, and the importance of wire rope and rolling guide boots in establishing the dynamic model of high-speed elevator is rarely considered, and the accuracy of the dynamic model is rarely verified by experiments. Therefore, this paper studies the high-speed elevator. The main results are as follows: (1) the model of the main components and the whole machine of the high speed elevator is established, and the static analysis of the main components of the elevator is carried out by using the finite element analysis method, and the local structure is optimized. (2) considering the structural and dynamic characteristic parameters of high-speed elevator, the influence of wire rope dispersion on the accuracy of vertical dynamic model of high-speed elevator is studied. According to the mechanical system dynamics and Lagrangian equation, the 15-degree-of-freedom vertical dynamic model of high-speed elevator system with rope ratio of 1:1 is established, and the related dynamic characteristics are simulated and analyzed by MATLAB tool. (3) the vibration differential equation of 4 degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction of high speed elevator is established, and the radial dynamic equation of rolling guide boot is introduced, and the 8 degree of freedom vibration differential equation of horizontal vibration of elevator system is established, and the influence of rolling guide boot on the natural frequency of elevator horizontal direction is compared and analyzed, and the vibration response of elevator in horizontal direction is studied according to the irregularity of guide rail. (4) the modal experiment of high speed elevator system is carried out by using frequency response function method and mutual power spectrum method to verify the accuracy of vertical dynamic model and horizontal dynamic model of high speed elevator system, and the vibration response experiment of elevator system is carried out, and some suggestions are put forward according to the simulation analysis results.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU976.3;TU857

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