装载机并联式混合动力系统控制策略研究

发布时间：2019-07-01 20:23

【摘要】：随着我国经济持续高速稳定地增长，装载机作为工程机械的主要机型之一，迎来了前所未有的发展机遇。但是由于装载机本身油耗高、排放差，在石油资源不断耗尽、环境问题日益严重的今天，研究高效、节能、环保的装载机具有重要意义。汽车行业对混合动力技术应用研究的成功案例，为工程机械的节能研究提供了一个崭新的研究思路。国外关于工程机械混合动力的研究起步较早，国内的企业和高校也进行了相关课题的研究，但是整体水平还很落后，尤其是在混合动力系统能量管理控制策略和参数匹配方面还需要开展大量的研究工作。本文结合装载机的工况特点对并联式混合动力系统进行了能量管理策略的理论与仿真研究。在某ZL50装载机基础上，以提高混合动力系统燃油经济性为目标，，主要采用随机动态规划算法进行了混合动力系统控制策略的设计。提出了基于动态规划算法的混合动力系统能量管理问题；将负载转矩需求看作是一个Markov随机过程，通过在线计算负载转矩迁移概率矩阵使得随机动态规划算法能够根据不同的工作条件快速制定相应的控制策略；对状态空间和控制变量进行了合理的优化，显著提高了控制策略的计算效率；并且提出了基于随机动态规划的混合动力系统能量管理问题的求解算法。采用MATLAB/Simulink建立装载机并联式混合动力系统的仿真模型，并在仿真模型基础上分别加入多工作点控制策略、瞬时优化算法和随机动态规划算法进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明，与传统装载机相比，采用上述三种控制算法的并联式混合动力装载机都能够达到一定的节能效果，尤其是随机动态规划算法能够有效地改善发动机的工作状态，节约燃油的效果最为明显。随机动态规划算法在提高发动机的燃油效率的同时能够将超级电容SOC值限制在较小的高效范围内变化，从而保证了混合动力系统在整个工作过程中能够始终保持在高效的状态下运行。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and stable economic growth in China, loaders, as one of the main models of construction machinery, have ushered in unprecedented development opportunities. However, due to the high fuel consumption and poor emission of the loader itself, it is of great significance to study the high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection loaders because of the continuous depletion of oil resources and the increasingly serious environmental problems. The successful case of hybrid power technology application in automobile industry provides a new research idea for energy saving research of construction machinery. The research on hybrid power of construction machinery started early in foreign countries, and the domestic enterprises and colleges and universities have also carried on the related research, but the overall level is still very backward, especially in the hybrid power system energy management control strategy and parameter matching still need to carry out a lot of research work. In this paper, the theory and simulation of energy management strategy for parallel hybrid power system are studied according to the working conditions of loaders. On the basis of a ZL50 loader, in order to improve the fuel economy of hybrid power system, the control strategy of hybrid power system is designed by using stochastic dynamic programming algorithm. The energy management problem of hybrid power system based on dynamic programming algorithm is proposed, and the load torque requirement is regarded as a Markov stochastic process, and the stochastic dynamic programming algorithm can quickly formulate the corresponding control strategy according to different working conditions by calculating the load torque transfer probability matrix online, and the state space and control variables are reasonably optimized, which significantly improves the computational efficiency of the control strategy. An algorithm for solving the energy management problem of hybrid power system based on stochastic dynamic programming is proposed. The simulation model of parallel hybrid power system of loader is established by MATLAB/Simulink, and the multi-working point control strategy, instantaneous optimization algorithm and stochastic dynamic programming algorithm are added to the simulation model. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional loaders, the parallel hybrid loaders with the above three control algorithms can achieve certain energy saving effect, especially the stochastic dynamic programming algorithm can effectively improve the working state of the engine, and the fuel saving effect is the most obvious. The stochastic dynamic programming algorithm can not only improve the fuel efficiency of the engine, but also limit the SOC value of the supercapacitor to a small and efficient range, thus ensuring that the hybrid power system can always run in an efficient state throughout the whole working process.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU623.9

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