基于ARM的油井智能测控系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-05 06:21

本文关键词：基于ARM的油井智能测控系统的设计与实现　出处：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：稠油由于其粘度高、密度大、流动性差,因此产出比很低,如何能够提高稠油的产出比一直是各大油田非常重视的问题。本课题来源于最早实行稠油开采的辽河油田特种油公司,主要研究的问题就是如何降低稠油开采的电能消耗和减少机械损耗,达到提高产量的目的。本文根据辽河油田的实际生产需求,设计了一套基于ARM的油井智能测控系统,本文的主要工作和创新点如下:(1)根据油田现场实地的调研与交流,总结分析出了智能采油系统的需求,并设计了系统的总体方案。该系统由远端控制中心(上位机)和油井智能测控系统(下位机)两部分组成,由GPRS通讯模块实现两部分的通讯。本文重点阐述油井智能测控系统的设计工作。油井智能测控系统基于ARM处理器,利用MODBUS现场总线技术对变频器、电度表等工控设备进行控制,具有数据采集、GPRS远程监控、故障报警等功能。同时采用了模糊控制算法,自动判断井下液量情况,自动调节变频器的频率。(2)根据系统的功能需求,对系统的硬件、软件功能进行了详细设计。硬件详细设计包括硬件结构设计、硬件环境选择、传感器的选用、动液面测试仪和GPRS模块的选用。软件设计包括多线程、数据库、系统功能模块、基于沉没度的模糊控制器的设计。(3)根据系统的详细设计,开发并实现了多线程管理模块、MODBUS通讯模块、数据库模块、传感器模块、GPRS通讯模块和各个系统功能模块。经过在辽河油田特种油公司进行的井上试用表明,系统可以在设定的采集时间间隔下,采集油井的套压、井口温度、上行电流、下行电流、载荷和位移等数据,通过GPRS通讯传输给远端控制中心,并且可以接收远端控制中心的命令,执行对应的操作。同时还可以在设定的智能调控间隔时间下,自动测量动液面,计算沉没度,自动调节油井的采油频率。实现了系统设计之初所设想的降低电能消耗、减少机械损耗和提高产量的目的。
[Abstract]:Because of its high viscosity, high density and poor fluidity, the output ratio of heavy oil is very low. How to improve the output ratio of heavy oil has been a very important problem in various oil fields. This topic comes from the Liaohe Oilfield Special Oil Company which was the first to carry out heavy oil production. The main research problem is how to reduce the heavy oil production power consumption and mechanical loss to achieve the purpose of increasing production. This paper according to the actual production demand of Liaohe Oilfield. A set of intelligent oil well measurement and control system based on ARM is designed. The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows: 1) according to the field investigation and communication in oil field, the demand of intelligent oil recovery system is summarized and analyzed. The system is composed of remote control center (upper computer) and oil well intelligent measurement and control system (lower computer). Two parts of communication are realized by GPRS communication module. This paper focuses on the design of oil well intelligent measurement and control system. The oil well intelligent measurement and control system is based on ARM processor. The technology of MODBUS field bus is used to control the industrial control equipment such as frequency converter, watt-hour meter and so on. It has the functions of remote monitoring of data acquisition and GPRS, fault alarm and so on. At the same time, the fuzzy control algorithm is adopted. According to the functional requirements of the system, the hardware and software functions of the system are designed in detail. The detailed hardware design includes the hardware structure design. Hardware environment selection, sensor selection, dynamic liquid level tester and GPRS module selection. Software design includes multi-thread, database, system function module. According to the detailed design of the system, the multi-thread management module Modbus communication module, database module and sensor module are developed and implemented. GPRS communication module and each system function module. Through the well trial in Liaohe oil field special oil company, it shows that the system can collect well pressure and wellhead temperature under the set acquisition time interval. Uplink current, downlink current, load and displacement data are transmitted to the remote control center via GPRS communication, and commands from the remote control center can be received. The corresponding operation is performed. At the same time, the dynamic liquid level can be automatically measured and the sunken degree can be calculated under the set intelligent control interval. The oil recovery frequency of the oil well is automatically adjusted to realize the purpose of reducing the electric energy consumption, reducing the mechanical loss and increasing the production rate as envisaged at the beginning of the system design.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE938;TP273

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