吉林油田集输系统结垢机理及防垢措施研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 02:33

本文关键词：吉林油田集输系统结垢机理及防垢措施研究　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：吉林油田集输系统结垢严重,影响正常生产。为了解决结垢问题,采用X-射线能谱(EXD)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对吉林油田集输系统结垢产物进行了分析,利用原子吸收分光光度法和化学分析法对吉林油田集输系统东区、中区和西区三个区块的水源井水、掺输水和采出液(共23个水样)的离子种类、含量进行了分析,分析结果表明结垢产物主要成分是Ca CO3垢,还含有少量的Mg CO3垢、硅铝酸盐垢和铁垢,垢样具有明显的有机物包裹特征;各区块水样p H值均在7.5至8.2范围之间,呈弱碱性,各区块水源井水中HCO3-离子含量较少,采出液和掺输水中HCO3-离子含量较高,各区块水样中Ca2+离子含量较高,最高含量达到59.12 mg/L,Mg2+离子含量较少,另外还含有少量的Fe2+离子和K+离子,各水样中无CO32-离子。在此基础上运用化学溶度积和化学反应方程式直观地阐述了吉林油田集输系统的碳酸钙垢结垢机理,吉林油田集输系统各水样中碳酸盐的浓度积远远大于其溶度积,导致大量碳酸盐析出结垢。注入水中携带有粘土,在管壁沉积形成硅铝酸盐结垢。少量铁垢的产生是由于铁腐蚀导致的。吉林油田集输系统水中含有大量的成垢离子Ca2+和HCO3-,它们以Ca(HCO3)2形式存在,此种物质不稳定,当温度升高时便可分解成Ca CO3。在平衡过程中,Ca(HCO3)2的溶解度远高于Ca CO3,当温度升高后,CO2析出,导致Ca CO3沉淀生成。选取东区9队水源井水、东区3厂掺输水和东区10队总采出液,研究p H、温度对它们所含钙离子、碳酸氢根离子浓度的影响。当水样p H从7.5增加至9时,水样中HCO3-含量由17.86 mg/L降低到3.28 mg/L,随着p H值的升高,水样失钙率逐渐变大,产生大量Ca CO3垢;当温度由15℃增加到45℃时,随着时间延长,Ca2+离子浓度逐渐降低,温度越高,Ca2+离子浓度下降越快。15℃条件下,HCO3-离子浓度基本不随时间的延长而改变,30℃时,HCO3-离子浓度随时间延长略微下降,但下降速度缓慢,45℃条件下,HCO3-离子浓度下降较快。针对吉林油田集输系统结垢的研究分析,采用马来酸酐(MA)和丙烯酸(AA)为原料合成一种无磷环保型阻垢剂马来酸-丙烯酸共聚物阻垢剂。利用响应面优化法对合成阻垢剂的反应时间、反应温度、引发剂用量、引发剂滴加时间等条件进行了研究,在此模型基础上,通过二次拟合回归方程得出最佳合成条件为:反应时间2.06 h,反应温度80.75℃,引发剂用量比例8.24%,引发剂滴加时间1.14 h,在此最优条件下合成的共聚物阻垢剂的阻垢率为99.03%。对合成产物进行物理性技术指标的测定,其粘度为2745 m Pa?s、固含量为39.57%、密度为1.6~1.7 g/m L,同时测定了阻垢剂的缓蚀性能,在阻垢剂用量为60 mg/L时,缓蚀率为61.69%。本论文研究了MA-AA共聚物阻垢剂的适用条件,包括共聚物阻垢剂用量、适用温度、p H值对阻垢率的影响,在共聚物阻垢剂用量为60 mg/L时,阻垢率达到97.89%;当使用温度在70℃时,阻垢率达到98.07%;当p H为7时,阻垢率达到97.67%。采用吉林油田东区9队水源井水、东区3厂掺输水3、东区10队采出液、东区3厂掺输水4、和东区3厂水源总水的水样,测试不同浓度阻垢剂对水样的阻垢率,当阻垢剂浓度为10至40 mg/L时,可使吉林油田集输系统的阻垢率达到90%以上,达到良好的阻垢效果。在对吉林油田集输水水样和垢样进行分析的基础上,采用Davis-Stiff饱和指数法和Ryznar稳定指数法对不同来源水样及它们进行配伍后碳酸钙结垢的趋势预测,采用Valone-Skillern碳酸钙垢生成最大数量预测公式计算了碳酸钙垢的结垢量。计算结果表明,水源井水自身不易结垢,在温度、压力和p H等条件改变时具有形成碳酸钙垢的趋势;掺输水和采出水的SAI值在4.63至5.38,具有明显的结垢趋势,且最大结垢量在158.59至427.2 mg/L之间。将掺输水、水源井水和采出液进行配伍时,结垢趋势明显,最大结垢预测量增加一倍。
[Abstract]:Jilin oilfield gathering system of serious scaling, affecting the normal production. In order to solve the problem of scaling, energy spectrum by X- ray (EXD), X- ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of Jilin oilfield are analyzed in transportation system scaling products transportation system of Jilin Eastern oil absorption set spectrophotometric method and chemical analysis method using atomic, central and western three blocks of water wells, adding water and produced liquid (23 samples) of the ion species, content analysis, analysis results show that the fouling products is the main component of Ca CO3 scale, CO3 scale Mg also contains a small amount of silicon aluminate scale and iron scale, the scale has the obvious characteristics of the organic inclusions; each block samples P H values were between 7.5 and 8.2, weakly alkaline, less HCO3- ion content blocks water wells, produced liquid and gastransmission HCO3- ion in water content is higher, Ca2+ blocks in water Ion content is higher, the highest content reached 59.12 mg/L, less Mg2+ ion content, also containing a small amount of Fe2+ and K+ ions, CO32- ions in water samples. On the basis of the use of chemical solubility product and chemical reaction equation directly describes the scaling mechanism of calcium carbonate fouling in Jilin oilfield gathering system, Jilin oilfield the concentration of each water sample transport system in carbonate deposition is far greater than the solubility product, resulting in a large number of carbonate precipitation fouling. Injected water with clay, deposited on the tube walls forming aluminosilicate scaling. A small amount of iron scale is caused by iron corrosion caused by Jilin oilfield gathering system of water containing ions Ca2+ and HCO3- scale a large number of them in Ca (HCO3) 2 form, the material is not stable, when the temperature rise can be decomposed into Ca CO3. in balance in the process of Ca (HCO3) 2 solubility is much higher than that of Ca CO3, when the temperature rises, CO2 The precipitation caused Ca CO3 precipitation. The Eastern selection team 9 water wells, 3 water and plant with Eastern Eastern 10 teams produced liquid, P H, their temperature on calcium ion, the influence of the bicarbonate ion concentration. When the water P H increased from 7.5 to 9, the content of HCO3- in water decreased from 17.86 mg/L to 3.28 mg/L, with the increase of P H value, water calcium loss rate increases gradually, resulting in a large number of Ca CO3 scale; when the temperature increased from 15 degrees to 45 degrees, with the prolongation of time, the concentration of Ca2+ decreased gradually, the higher the temperature, the concentration of Ca2+ decreased more quickly at the temperature of.15 DEG C, HCO3- ion the basic concentration with time and change, 30 degrees, HCO3- ion concentration with time decreased slightly, but the rate of decline is slow, 45 DEG C, the concentration of HCO3- decreased rapidly. According to the analysis of transportation system in Jilin oilfield scaling, using maleic acid anhydride (MA) and acrylic acid (AA) as original The material synthesis of a phosphorus free environment-friendly maleic acid - acrylic acid copolymer scale inhibitor. The response surface optimization method for the synthesis of scale inhibitor reaction time, reaction temperature, initiator dosage, initiator dropping time were studied, on the basis of the model, through the two regression equation of the optimum synthesis conditions as the reaction time is 2.06 h, the reaction temperature is 80.75 DEG C, initiator ratio 8.24%, initiator dropping time of 1.14 h, under the optimum conditions of the synthesis of copolymer scale inhibitor inhibition rate for 99.03%. determination of physical and technical indicators of the synthetic product, its viscosity is 2745 m Pa s, the solid content is? 39.57%, density is 1.6~1.7 g/m L, corrosion inhibitor and scale inhibitor in the determination of content was 60 mg/L, the corrosion rate of the applicable conditions of MA-AA copolymer scale inhibitor 61.69%. for this thesis, including the copolymer with Volume, suitable temperature, P effect of H on the inhibition rate of the copolymer dosage is 60 mg/L, the inhibition rate reached 97.89%; when the temperature is at 70 DEG C, the inhibition rate reached 98.07%; when p H is 7, the inhibition rate reached 97.67%. in the east of Jilin oilfield team 9 water wells, East District 3 plant water doped 3, Eastern 10 team produced liquid, Eastern 3 factory 4 and 3 with water, the total water plant eastern water test scale and different concentrations of inhibitors for sample rate, when the inhibitor concentration is 10 to 40 mg/L, the Jilin oilfield gathering and transportation system of the scale inhibition rate reached 90% above, to achieve a good inhibiting effect. Based on the Jilin oilfield water collecting water and fouling sample analysis, prediction of different sources of water and their combination of calcium carbonate scaling by Davis-Stiff saturation index method and Ryznar index trend, using Valone-Skillern to generate the maximum calcium carbonate scale The number of prediction formula of scaling of calcium carbonate were calculated. The calculation results show that the water wells itself is not easy to scale, change in temperature, pressure and P H conditions with the formation of calcium carbonate scale trend; mixing water and produced water SAI value from 4.63 to 5.38, with obvious fouling tendency, and the maximum amount of scale from 158.59 to 427.2 mg/L. The mixed water, well water and produced fluid compatibility, the scaling tendency is obvious, the largest scale prediction doubled.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE86

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