钻井过程即时评价垮塌层位井壁稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 03:07

本文关键词：钻井过程即时评价垮塌层位井壁稳定性研究　出处：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：井壁不稳定是钻井工程中普遍存在的问题,至今未能完全解决,井壁围岩失稳所造成的钻井质量和安全问题,不但每年耗损大量的人力物力,并且严重制约了油气的勘测开发步伐,所以,对于地下复杂的围岩环境准确的了解和认识,探寻井壁稳定机理,创建预测原理和控制方法,是实现优质、安全、高效和低成本钻井的关键。研究井壁稳定问题,首先要获取地层相关参数,传统岩石力学参数是通过室内三轴实验获取,室内实验需要一定规格尺寸的岩样,而现场的取心工作,不仅取心成本较高,且在多数情况下无法取到符合实验条件的岩样,因此地层参数的获取就遇到了瓶颈。针对该问题,本文从钻井过程中钻遇的岩屑或掉块着手,利用点荷载实验仪,研究了不同形状、不同尺寸压模对不同尺度钻井岩屑压入的相应特征,优选出适合不同地层类型的压模形状和尺寸。通过对实际区块岩样的点荷载实验,结合相关理论分析,得出了通过点荷载实验计算岩石强度参数,弹性参数的方法,并建立了点荷载实验的标准程序。通过对研究区块不同深度岩屑或掉块的点荷载等实验,给出了一种即时进行地层坍塌压力,破裂压力的计算方法,确定了合理的安全钻井密度窗口,实时的对该井的井壁稳定性进行了评价分析。最后通过获取该井测井数据和井史资料等,利用传统方法对该井进行三压力计算,分析了该井井眼垮塌的特征,推荐出钻进该井段的钻井液密度。通过对该井地层三压力钻后评价,并与即时监测计算结果的对比分析,表明即时监测方法计算的地层坍塌压力基本符合现场钻井要求,但存在一定的误差,对于实际的生产需求有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Shaft wall instability is a common problem in drilling engineering, which has not been completely solved. The drilling quality and safety problems caused by wall rock instability not only consume a lot of manpower and material resources every year. And has seriously restricted the oil and gas exploration and development step, therefore, for the underground complex surrounding rock environment accurate understanding and understanding, seeks for the wellbore stability mechanism, establishes the forecast principle and the control method, is realizes the high quality, the safety. The key to high efficiency and low cost drilling. To study the stability of borehole lining, we must first obtain the formation related parameters. The traditional rock mechanics parameters are obtained through laboratory triaxial experiments, and the laboratory experiments need rock samples of certain specifications. However, in the field coring work, not only the cost of coring is high, but also the rock samples that meet the experimental conditions can not be obtained in most cases, so the formation parameters are met with a bottleneck. In this paper, the characteristics of different shapes and sizes of cuttings are studied by using the point load tester, starting from the cuttings or falling blocks in the drilling process. The shape and size of the compression die suitable for different stratum types are selected. Through the point load experiment of the rock sample of the actual block and the relevant theoretical analysis, the rock strength parameters are calculated through the point load experiment. The method of elastic parameters and the standard program of point load experiment are established. Through the experiments of cuttings or falling blocks at different depth in the study block, a kind of immediate collapse pressure is given. According to the calculation method of fracture pressure, the reasonable safe drilling density window is determined, and the stability of the well wall is evaluated and analyzed in real time. Finally, the logging data and the well history data are obtained. By using the traditional method to calculate the three pressure of the well, the characteristics of hole collapse are analyzed, and the drilling fluid density of this section is recommended. The comparison and analysis with the results of real-time monitoring show that the formation collapse pressure calculated by the real-time monitoring method basically accords with the requirements of drilling on the spot, but there are some errors. For the actual production demand has certain guiding significance.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE21

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