“L”型多孔缓冲进油工艺研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 23:23

本文关键词：“L”型多孔缓冲进油工艺研究　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着汽车工业的迅猛发展,使得加油站竞争更为激烈。卸油期间停止加油,严重影响了加油站劳动生产率,因此,探寻如何在保证油品质量、安全的前提下,提高服务水平,提升竞争力,成为了各成品油零售企业亟待解决的问题。“L”型多孔缓冲进油管采用多孔出流的方式进油,有效地减缓了出流油品对罐内油品、罐底水杂的冲击和搅动,可以实现卸油加油同时作业。以计算流体力学方法为基础,采用FLUENT软件对储油罐内部流场进行了三维数值模拟计算,以改善罐内流体的流动特性为目标(即减小出油管入口附近区域流体的湍动能和出油管抽出油品的含水量),分析了“L”型多孔缓冲进油管各设计参数对罐内流场的影响,并对其进行了优化。本文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作： (1)对加油站传统进油工艺(“I”型进油工艺和“J”型进油工艺)进行了分析研究,提出了“L”型多孔缓冲进油管的初步设计方案； (2)针对加油站常用30m3卧式储油罐的几何结构作了分析简化,并对该模型采用了合理的网格划分；选取RNG κ-ε模型作为湍流模型、混合物模型作为多相流模型； (3)研究了三种进油工艺下储罐内部油品的流动特性,重点分析了出油管入口附近流体的流动行为,表明了“L”型进油工艺的可行性和优越性；结合不同进油工艺的模拟结果,分析了三种进油工艺静电的产生和静电事故的成因,提出了静电预防措施； (4)确定了将进油管的安装高度(进油管水平段距底高度)、进油管的管径以及进油管水平段开孔大小、个数、间距和方向等六个影响因素作为“L”型多孔缓冲进油管研究的重点,以此来确定进油管的最佳设计参数； (5)运用正交试验设计法,合理地确定了“L”型进油管各设计参数的因素和水平,利用极差分析法对25组数值模拟结果进行了分析,分别得到了各设计参数对湍动能和含水量影响的主次顺序；结合综合平衡法,绘制了各因素对湍动能和含水量的影响曲线,确定了“L”型多孔缓冲进油管各设计参数的最优值,并对其进行了验证性模拟试验； (6)对设计参数优化后的“L”型多孔缓冲进油管进行了现场应用试验,验证了数值计算方法的准确性和可靠性；同时,也表明了优化方案的合理性和实用性。研究结果表明：“L”型多孔缓冲进油管具有减缓油品进油流速、降低流体质点间扰动程度以及提高抽出油品质量等特点；采用正交试验法优化得到的最优设计参数方案,可以使出油管入口附近区域流体的湍动能减少至0.003154m2.s-2,出油管抽出油品的含油浓度提高至99.23%,与优化前相比,湍动程度降低3.10%,油品质量提高0.04%。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry, the competition of gas stations becomes more fierce. Stopping refueling during unloading seriously affects the labor productivity of gas stations. Therefore, how to ensure the quality and safety of oil products is explored. Improving the service level and enhancing the competitiveness has become an urgent problem to be solved by all the refined oil retail enterprises. The "L" type porous buffered oil intake pipe uses the porous outlet way to feed the oil. It can effectively slow down the impingement and agitation of the oil in the tank and the bottom water of the tank, and can realize the simultaneous operation of unloading and refueling. Based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the internal flow field of the oil tank is carried out by using FLUENT software. The aim is to improve the flow characteristics of the fluid in the tank (that is to reduce the turbulent kinetic energy of the fluid near the inlet of the tubing and the water content of the oil extracted from the tubing). The influence of the design parameters of "L" type porous buffer tubing on the flow field in the tank is analyzed and optimized. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the traditional oil intake process ("I" type oil intake process and "J" type oil intake process) is analyzed and studied, and the preliminary design scheme of "L" type porous buffered oil intake pipe is put forward. (2) the geometric structure of 30m3 horizontal oil storage tank used in gas station is analyzed and simplified, and the reasonable mesh division is adopted for the model. RNG 魏-蔚 model is chosen as turbulence model and mixture model as multiphase flow model. In this paper, the flow characteristics of oil products in the tank under three kinds of oil injection processes are studied, and the flow behavior of the fluid near the inlet of the oil outlet pipe is emphatically analyzed, which shows the feasibility and superiority of the "L" type oil injection process. Combined with the simulation results of different oil injection processes, the causes of electrostatic generation and electrostatic accident in three kinds of oil injection processes are analyzed, and the preventive measures of electrostatic electricity are put forward. The installation height of the oil intake pipe (the horizontal section of the oil inlet line is from the bottom height, the pipe diameter of the oil inlet line and the size and number of holes in the horizontal section of the oil inlet line are determined. Six influencing factors, such as spacing and direction, are the key points in the study of "L" type porous buffered tubing, so as to determine the optimum design parameters of the pipeline. 5) the factors and levels of the design parameters of "L" type oil intake pipe are reasonably determined by using the orthogonal test design method, and 25 groups of numerical simulation results are analyzed by using the range analysis method. The primary and secondary order of the effects of the design parameters on the turbulent kinetic energy and water content are obtained respectively. Combined with the comprehensive equilibrium method, the influence curves of various factors on turbulent kinetic energy and water content were drawn, and the optimum design parameters of the "L" type porous buffered tubing were determined, and verified simulation tests were carried out. (6) the field application test of the "L" type porous buffered tubing after the optimization of design parameters is carried out, and the accuracy and reliability of the numerical calculation method are verified. At the same time, it also shows the rationality and practicability of the optimized scheme. The results show that the "L" type porous buffer oil intake pipe has the characteristics of slowing down the oil intake velocity, reducing the disturbance degree between the fluid particles and improving the quality of the extracted oil. The optimal design parameters obtained by orthogonal test method can reduce the turbulent kinetic energy of the fluid near the inlet of the tubing to 0.003154m2.s-2. The oil concentration of the oil extracted from the tubing was increased to 99.23. Compared with before optimization, the turbulence degree was reduced by 3.10 and the oil quality was improved by 0.04%.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE972

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