提高油田含聚污水沉降罐处理效果技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 10:20

本文关键词：提高油田含聚污水沉降罐处理效果技术研究　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着聚合物驱油技术在油田的广泛应用,采出污水的性质发生了重大变化,出现了含聚浓度高、水质粘度大等特点,导致现有的污水处理装置和设备出现了处理效果差的问题。基于重力原理分离的沉降罐结构简单、处理量大,是油田污水处理中的重要设备,其脱水效果的优劣直接影响后续过滤罐的处理负荷和处理效果,继而影响水质达标。因此,研究沉降罐内的流场,确定重力分离的影响因素,据此开展气浮、药剂优选、结构改进等研究提高沉降罐处理效果,对于生产实际具有重要意义,具体研究内容如下:首先以沉降罐内的流场作为研究对象,采用离散相模型进行数值模拟,得到沉降罐内速度场分布,较多的污水在靠近罐壁的区域进行沉降;根据油滴运动轨迹长度、停留时间等揭示了油滴的运动特性,沉降罐内存在返混流和漩涡流。然后通过室内静态沉降实验,建立了含油量、悬浮物含量随沉降时间的变化关系,并考察含油、含聚污水中的油滴粒径分布规律,得到含聚浓度、油滴粒径、沉降时间对沉降除油效果的影响,实验结果与模拟结果规律吻合。对比气浮-沉降预处理模拟实验和静沉实验可知,气浮-沉降显著提高了除油率和悬浮物去除率,分别达到30%以上和15%以上。基于气浮-沉降预处理模拟实验优选出25mg/L的聚合氯化铝铁和5mg/L阴离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液作为絮凝剂,以及具有极性-非极性分子结构的浮选剂FJ,其浓度为25mg/L。由现场调参试验可知,仅通过延长沉降时间的做法并不能持续提高处理效果,采用连续收油工艺罐内水质更稳定,较间歇收油时悬浮物去除率和除油率分别高出5.96%和8.14%。最后,以改善流场、提高处理效果为目标,提出了一种新型双环形穿孔配水装置,使除油率提升了12.9%。
[Abstract]:With the development of polymer flooding technology widely used in oilfield, mining has undergone major changes in the nature of sewage, the polymer containing high concentration, the water quality characteristics of high viscosity, leading to the existing sewage treatment device and equipment processing effect is poor. The principle of gravity separation and sedimentation tank based on simple structure, large capacity, is an important equipment in the oilfield wastewater treatment, the dehydration effect directly affect the processing load and the subsequent treatment effect of the filter tank, then the impact of water quality standards. Therefore, research on the settlement flow tank, determine the influence factors of gravity separation, flotation agent is preferably carried out, and Study on structural improvement to improve the settling tank treatment effect. Is of great significance for the actual production. The specific contents are as follows: firstly the sedimentation tank flow field as the research object, using the discrete phase model of numerical simulation, obtained in settling tank The distribution of velocity field, many sewage settlement near the tank wall area; according to the droplet trajectory length, residence time reveals the movement characteristics of oil droplets, the sedimentation tank in memory and backmix flow vortex flow. Then through indoor static sedimentation experiment, established oil content, suspended solids content changes with the settling time, and the effects of oily sewage in the oil droplet size distribution, with the polymer concentration, droplet size, settling time on the settlement of oil removing effect, experimental results and simulation results are consistent with law. The pretreatment experiments and static settling experiment comparison of flotation and flotation and settlement, the settlement was significant to improve the rate of removing oil and suspended solids removal rate of more than 30% and 15% respectively. The pretreatment experiment selected 25mg/L poly aluminum ferric chloride and anionic polyacrylamide solution 5mg/L as flocculant sedimentation flotation based on the And with the flotation agent FJ polar nonpolar molecule structure, the concentration of 25mg/L. by adjusting parameter test shows that only by prolonging the settling time of the practice can not continue to improve the treatment effect, with the continuous oil collection process of the tank water is more stable than the intermittent oil collection of suspended solids removal rate and oil removal the rate increased 5.96% and 8.14%. finally, to improve the flow, improve the treatment effect as the goal, put forward a new type of double circular perforated water distribution device, the oil removal rate increased by 12.9%.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X741

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