三相分离器的设计及流场分析研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 12:36

本文关键词： 三相分离器重力沉降水平集方法数值仿真　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：三相分离器是油田地面工程中重要的设备之一,提高三相分离器的分离效率一直是研究的重点,而其内部构件对分离效率有很大影响。本文基于水平集理论,通过对单颗油滴和固相颗粒在水中的沉降进行仿真模拟。然后根据“半满法”设计理论进行卧式三相分离器的初始尺寸设计,并对聚结构件的内部流场进行油气水三相瞬态模拟计算,主要得到了如下研究成果：(1)基于“半满法”,首次对卧式三相分离器中天然气的油水分离进行了初步的设计,设计计算主要考虑油、水沉降分离原理和液相停留时间,从而确定出半满式的卧式三相分离器的初步尺寸,为模拟仿真分析提供了基本的尺寸。并据此对初步设计进行了相应的改进,设计出一个新型的具有相关结构参数优化的三相分离器,通过比较分析确定了入口的结构、除雾器和聚结构件等。(2)基于水平集理论,首次通过对单颗固相颗粒和油滴在水中的沉降进行仿真模拟,找到单颗油滴和固相颗粒的沉降规律,并且通过研究油滴和固相颗粒的直径对沉降分离时间与速度的影响规律,找到沉降时间、沉降速度与粒径的关系。(3)对聚结构件进行网格无关性分析,得到2mm网格能够较为精确的研究聚结构件的沉降分离过程,并且通过对比有无聚结构件的两种模型沉降分离过程中的速度、压力和体积分数分布,仔细研究了聚结构件的沉降机理。研究油滴的粒径和粘度对沉降分离的影响关系,结果表明,随着油滴的粒径减少和粘度增加,沉降分离的难度增大。最后,考虑油水分离中含气泡、固相颗粒等因素,研究了油气水和油气固等组合下的沉降分离过程。(4)对影响倾斜聚结构件分离效果的结构参数进行了研究,分别研究了影响聚结构件分离效果的聚结构件的倾斜角度和板间距,通过分析不同倾斜角度和板间距的参数组合,得到了分离效果较好的斜板聚结构件参数,即倾斜角度为45°,板间距为15mm。确定了影响聚结构件的具体设计参数。在文献调研和分离机理分析的基础上,研究倾斜聚结构件板上开孔对三相分离器分离效果的影响,但是,三相分离器的聚结构件开孔对分离效果影响不大。
[Abstract]:Three-phase separator is one of the most important equipment in oilfield surface engineering. Improving separation efficiency of three-phase separator has been the focus of research, and its internal components have a great impact on separation efficiency. This paper is based on the level set theory. The settlement of single oil drop and solid particle in water was simulated and the initial size of horizontal three-phase separator was designed according to the "half-full method" design theory. And the internal flow field of the polymer structure is simulated by the oil-gas-water three-phase transient simulation. The following research results are obtained: 1) based on the "half-full method". The design of oil-water separation of natural gas in horizontal three-phase separator is carried out for the first time. The design and calculation mainly consider oil, water sedimentation separation principle and liquid phase residence time. Thus the initial dimensions of the half full horizontal three phase separator are determined, which provides the basic dimensions for the simulation and analysis, and the corresponding improvement of the preliminary design is made accordingly. A new type of three-phase separator with the optimization of related structural parameters is designed. The structure of the inlet, the mist remover and the polymer structure are determined by comparison and analysis, etc.) based on the level set theory. For the first time, through the simulation of the settlement of a single solid particle and an oil drop in water, the law of settling of a single oil drop and a solid particle is found. And by studying the influence of oil droplet and solid particle diameter on settling separation time and velocity, we find out the relationship between settling time, settling velocity and particle size. The results show that 2mm mesh can accurately study the settlement separation process of polymer structure, and compare the velocity, pressure and volume fraction distribution between the two models with or without polymer structure. The effect of oil droplet size and viscosity on sedimentation separation is studied. The results show that the difficulty of settling separation increases with the decrease of oil droplet size and the increase of viscosity. Considering the factors such as bubbles and solid particles in oil-water separation, the process of settling separation under the combination of oil-gas-water and oil-gas-solid was studied. The tilting angle and the plate spacing of the polymer structure parts which affect the separation effect of the polymer structure parts are studied respectively. By analyzing the parameter combination of the different tilting angles and the plate spacing, the better separation effect parameters of the inclined plate aggregate structural parts are obtained. That is, the inclination angle is 45 掳and the plate spacing is 15mm. the specific design parameters affecting the polymer structure are determined. Based on the literature investigation and the analysis of the separation mechanism. The effect of opening on the plate of inclined aggregate structure on the separation effect of three-phase separator is studied. However, the opening of polymer structure of three-phase separator has little effect on the separation effect.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE931.1

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