12T齿环驱动双驴头抽油机的设计与分析

发布时间：2018-01-23 11:53

本文关键词： 齿环驱动双驴头抽油机悬点载荷分析有限元仿真动力学仿真　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：最近几年国际油价的低迷,国内油田采油难度也在不断增大,降低成本已是各个油田采取的首要选择。常规游梁抽油机已经不能满足现实的要求,研发新型抽油机已是石油相关企业现在主攻的方向。从抽油机的出现,发展到今天,可以看出抽油机的进化规律:抽油机朝着长冲程,节能高效,适应性强等方面发展。齿环驱动型抽油机已在各个油田广泛使用,它以能够实现长冲程,节能高效而得到认可,它具有传动效率高,良好的使用经济性。本论文设计和分析了一种新型齿环驱动双驴头抽油机,该抽油机是基于常规游梁抽油机基础上设计而成的,以常规游梁抽油机的游梁机架中心轴为中心,在游梁的后端加一后驴头,使前后驴头的运动轨迹重合,后驴头通过钢丝绳与平衡重连接,齿环换向机构驱动平衡重结构能够上下往返运动,实现抽油动作。本论文研究的主要内容包含有以下几章:第一,首先,调研了国内外抽油机的主要机型,着重分析了双驴头抽油机和齿环驱动抽油机的发展背景以及结构特点;其次,结合分析内容,提出了本文涉及的新型抽油机设想;最后,列出了本论文的设计内容和技术路线。第二,根据提出的设想,提出了两种不同的结构方案,通过对其结构的合理性和抽油机制造的经济性对比分析,最终确定了本论文设计的最终结构方案。第三,首先,根据抽油井及管杆柱参数,计算抽油机的悬点载荷。通过分析抽油机的悬点静载荷、动载荷、摩擦载荷,得出设计抽油机所需要的负载。其次,根据负载,设计计算抽油机的零部件,包括电机、减速机的选型,齿轮齿环的设计计算,导向轮的计算,平衡重—换向结构的设计,游梁机架、平衡重机架的设计,润滑系统、刹车系统的选择等。最后,通过三维软件SolidWorks创建零部件三维模型和装配体,为接下来的仿真分析做准备。第四,根据前面的模型建立,在ANSYS中对主要零部件进行有限元分析,包括有游梁机架、平衡重机架的分析,平衡重机架的模态分析,齿轮齿条轮齿的静力学分析,还有对齿环结构的静力学分析,校核这些结构强度、刚度能否满足要求。第五,运用动力学软件ADAMS和ANSYS fatigue tool疲劳分析模块进行齿轮的疲劳仿真,在动力学软件ADAMS中仿真分析出齿轮齿环啮合时的载荷谱,得出一个齿在运行过程中的载荷谱,再根据齿轮的材料S-N曲线,单齿啮合的载荷谱,在ANSYS fatigue tool中分析齿轮的疲劳累积损伤,预测齿轮的疲劳寿命。第六,总结本论文的研究内容,得出结论,并提出下一步研究的建议与展望。
[Abstract]:With the low international oil price in recent years, the difficulty of oil recovery in domestic oil field is increasing, and reducing the cost is the first choice adopted by each oilfield. The conventional beam pumping unit can not meet the practical requirements. Research and development of new pumping units has been the main direction of petroleum related enterprises. From the emergence of pumping units to today, we can see the evolution law of pumping units: pumping units towards long stroke, energy saving and efficiency. Gear ring driven pumping unit has been widely used in various oilfields, it can achieve long stroke, energy saving and high efficiency, it has high transmission efficiency. In this paper, a new type of double-donkey head pumping unit driven by gear ring is designed and analyzed. The pumping unit is based on the conventional beam pumping unit. A rear donkey head is added to the back end of the walking beam to make the track of the front and rear donkey head coincide, and the rear donkey head is connected with the balance weight by wire rope in the center of the central shaft of the walking beam frame of the conventional beam pumping unit, and a rear donkey head is added to the back end of the walking beam. Gear ring reversing mechanism drive balance weight structure can move up and down to achieve pumping action. The main contents of this paper include the following chapters: firstly, the main models of pumping units at home and abroad are investigated. The development background and structure characteristics of double donkey head pumping unit and gear ring driven pumping unit are analyzed emphatically. Secondly, combined with the analysis content, put forward the idea of the new pumping unit involved in this paper; Finally, the design content and technical route of this paper are listed. Secondly, according to the proposed ideas, two different structural schemes are put forward, and the rationality of the structure and the economy of pumping unit manufacturing are compared and analyzed. Finally, the final structure of this paper is determined. Thirdly, according to the parameters of pumping well and tube-rod column, the suspension load of pumping unit is calculated, and the static load, dynamic load and friction load of pumping unit are analyzed. Second, according to the load, design and calculate the components of the pumping unit, including motor, reducer selection, gear ring design calculation, guide wheel calculation. The design of balance weight-commutator structure, the design of beam frame, balance frame, lubrication system, brake system and so on. Finally. Through 3D software SolidWorks to create parts 3D model and assembly, for the next simulation analysis. 4th, according to the previous model. The finite element analysis of the main parts in ANSYS includes the analysis of the beam frame, the balance frame, the modal analysis of the balance frame, and the statics analysis of the gear and rack gear teeth. There are also statics analysis of the ring structure to check whether the strength and stiffness of these structures can meet the requirements. 5th. The dynamic software ADAMS and ANSYS fatigue tool fatigue analysis module are used to simulate gear fatigue. The load spectrum of gear ring meshing is simulated and analyzed in the dynamics software ADAMS, and the load spectrum of one tooth in the running process is obtained. Then, according to the S-N curve of gear material, the load spectrum of single tooth meshing is obtained. The fatigue cumulative damage of gear is analyzed in ANSYS fatigue tool, and the fatigue life of gear is predicted. 6th. The research content of this paper is summarized and the conclusion is drawn. Suggestions and prospects for further research are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE933.1

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