超声波辅助离子液体组合物直接制备微藻生物柴油

发布时间：2018-01-25 22:21

  本文关键词： 超声波 生物柴油 催化 离子液体 微藻 耦合　出处：《农业工程学报》2017年17期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：微藻生物柴油能够解决目前植物原料生物柴油面临的耕地不足、气候变化影响产量并引起农作物价格上涨等突出问题,但传统微藻生物柴油生产过程能源与化学品消耗大,将微藻油脂的提取-酯交换耦合成一个单元,具有较大应用潜力。该研究采用小球藻、甲醇为原料,离子液体组合物作为提取剂、催化剂,超声波辅助催化微藻直接提取-酯交换制备生物柴油。考察超声波频率、超声波功率、离子液体类型、离子液体用量、反应温度、反应时间、醇油摩尔比等因素对酯交换率的影响,并与传统水浴加热机械搅拌法比较,结果表明,超声波和离子液体对生物柴油的制备有协同促进作用,离子液体具有催化、提取与增溶的作用,能较好地消除醇油界面接触,超声波的引入强化了传质传热过程,与传统加热方式水浴加热机械搅拌法相比,可以缩短酯交换反应的时间,降低反应温度,减少离子液体、甲醇的用量。离子液体[BMIM][HCOO]为提取剂,微藻油脂提取率最高;酸性离子液体催化效果明显高于碱性离子液体,离子液体[SO3H-BMIM][HSO4]为催化剂,微藻油脂转化率最高。当超声波功率240 W,频率28 k Hz,甲醇用量和藻粉质量比为6 1∶,离子液体组合物和藻粉质量比为5 1∶,离子液体[BMIM][HCOO]与[SO3H-BMIM][HSO4]体积比为12∶1,反应温度为50℃,超声反应时间50 min条件下,生物柴油的转化率可达69.6%。该方法将离子液体溶解提取性能、催化性能及超声波的空化效应相结合,将油脂的提取与油脂的转酯化合二为一,不需先从微藻粉中提取油脂,缩短了工艺,能够实现含油微藻到生物柴油的一步转化。
[Abstract]:Microalgae biodiesel can solve the current plant raw materials biodiesel faced by the lack of arable land climate change affects the output and cause crop prices rise and other outstanding problems. However, the traditional microalgae biodiesel production process consumes a large amount of energy and chemicals, so the extraction and transesterification of microalgae oil can be coupled into a unit, which has great application potential. The study uses Chlorella vulgaris and methanol as raw materials. Ionic liquid composition was used as extractant, catalyst, ultrasonic assisted catalytic direct extraction of microalgae and transesterification to prepare biodiesel. Ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power, type of ionic liquid and amount of ionic liquid were investigated. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and molar ratio of alcohol to oil on the transesterification rate were compared with the traditional water bath heating mechanical stirring method. Ultrasonic and ionic liquids have synergistic effect on the preparation of biodiesel. Ionic liquids can catalyze, extract and solubilize, and can eliminate the interfacial contact between alcohol and oil. Compared with the traditional water bath heating mechanical stirring method, ultrasonic can shorten the time of transesterification, reduce the reaction temperature and reduce the ionic liquid. Amount of methanol; ionic liquids. [BMIM]. [HCOO] as extractant, the extraction rate of microalgae oil was the highest, and the catalytic effect of acidic ionic liquid was obviously higher than that of alkaline ionic liquid. [SO3H-BMIM]. [When the ultrasonic power was 240W, the frequency was 28kHz, the ratio of methanol to alga powder was 61: 1. The mass ratio of ionic liquid composition to algae powder is 5 1: 1, ionic liquid. [BMIM]. [HCOO and. [SO3H-BMIM]. [When the volume ratio of HSO4 was 12: 1, the reaction temperature was 50 鈩，

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