基于色谱技术的油码头海域溢油预警系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 06:28

本文关键词： 溢油光电监测近红外光谱数据采集　出处：《浙江海洋大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：港口码头是传统海上运输的始终点,各种船舶的停靠点,不管是油轮还是货轮都会在码头停泊,所以这里发生溢油事故的可能性更大,特别是油码头,油码头是各种油气储运装卸油品的地方,这里一旦发生溢油,不仅会影响企业的正常运转,也会给社会环境造成不可估量的恶劣影响[1]。港口码头因其位置的固定性,我们可以实现全天候实时监测,并对周边地理位置的勘察,在溢油发生后的应急预案可以做出预测,做到预防为先,应急响应快,最大程度减轻溢油对港口码头区域坏境的影响。通过对大量文献的总结分析,对探测器的优劣势进行了阐述,通过结合实际码头现状,设计在线溢油监测报警系统。随着近红外光谱技术的不断发展和日渐成熟,越来越实现简单、灵活、灵敏度高,环保且易于应用在现实中等特点。本文具体讨论了近红外技术的基本原理并探讨了红外技术应用于油码头溢油的可行性,并提出一种油码头溢油监控系统的设计方案[2]。首先本文首先阐述了溢油的产生及其对环境、社会等的危害,在做了大量准备工作以及参考国内外其他专家学者的文献基础上,结合近年来近红外光谱技术的日渐成熟发展结合当前国内外溢油监控系统技术日渐成熟,有基于物理特性的,也有基于油品化学性质的、但开始本课题时有很多选择,但因为课题要求监控可以实现在线监控,并对其精确度有较高要求,因此本文先后分析了现已有并应用与现实的技术,并汲取已有技术的优缺点最终选择了基于光学郎伯比尔定理的近红外光电技术[3]。并结合油码头实际情况,提出了把近红外技术应用在油码头溢油监控系统的想法,分析近红外光谱产生的机理、特性等设计选取出了监测海水溢油特定光谱波段的红外光谱溢油监控系统[4]。本文给出了其硬件,软件的具体设计方案,其中溢油监控系统核心是选用AT89C52单片机来实现整体的运行[5]。通过这个单片机系统,由红外光电传感器得到的电信号经系统放大、模拟、模数转换、运算、最后通过显示、打印溢油信息,并有开辟专门的数据储存器来储存溢油监控信息。并且为了信息的实用性更高。本系统还设计了时钟电路、和看门狗电路。为系统稳定,精准的预警提供了保障
[Abstract]:The port is always the traditional maritime transport, the ship docked, whether the ship or the freighter will be in the dock, so here is the possibility of oil spill accidents more, especially oil terminals, oil terminals of various oil and gas storage and transportation of oil in this place, once the oil spill occurred, not only will affect the normal operation of enterprises, will also cause immeasurable adverse effects to the social environment of the [1]. port for the fixed position, we can achieve all-weather real-time monitoring, and the surrounding geographical survey, in the emergency response after the oil spill can be predicted, do prevention first, emergency response, influence reduce the extent of oil spill in port area environment. Through literature analysis, to probe the advantages and disadvantages are discussed, combining with the actual situation of wharf, design of online monitoring of oil spill Measuring alarm system. With the continuous development of near infrared spectroscopy technology and the increasingly mature, more and more simple, flexible, high sensitivity, environmental protection and easy application in the reality of secondary characteristics. This paper discusses the basic principle of near infrared technology and discusses the feasibility of application of infrared technology in oil terminal oil spill, and put forward a kind of [2]. the design scheme of oil spill monitoring terminal system of the first this paper describes the oil spill and its harm to the environment, society, in the literature based on a lot of preparatory work and refer to the domestic and foreign experts and scholars on the other, in combination with near infrared spectroscopy technology development based on the current domestic oil spill monitoring system mature, based on physical properties, chemical properties of oil are based on, but when the subject began to have a lot of choices, but because the requirements of the project can be achieved in monitoring Line monitoring, and have higher requirements on the accuracy, this paper has analyzed the existing and application and practical technology, and to learn from the advantages and disadvantages of existing technology chose near infrared photoelectric technology [3]. optical theorem based on the Lambert Bill combined with the actual situation of oil wharf, put forward the application of near infrared technology in oil dock the oil spill monitoring system idea, mechanism analysis of near infrared spectra of the characteristics, design was selected from IR monitoring marine oil spill specific bands of oil spill monitoring system [4]. this paper presents the hardware and software of the specific design scheme, which is the core of oil spill monitoring system using AT89C52 MCU to realize the whole operation [5]. through the single chip system, the signal obtained by the infrared photoelectric sensor is amplified by the system, simulation, calculation, and finally through the analog-to-digital conversion, display, print and oil spill information. Open up specialized data storage to store oil spill monitoring information, and for the practicability of information. The system also designed clock circuit and watchdog circuit. It provided guarantee for stable and accurate early warning system.

【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE88

【参考文献】