基于烷基糖苷的低张力泡沫驱油体系的性能与应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 06:44

本文关键词： 烷基糖苷高温高盐油水界面张力表面活性剂复配提高采收率　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：原油是国家的重要战略资源,社会发展对能源的需求持续上涨,但目前各大油田均已进入高含水开发后期,采取有效技术措施提高原油采收率对国计民生意义重大。在现有的三次采油技术中,泡沫驱作为一种新兴的化学驱油技术,因其不仅具有选择性封堵的特性,还具有一定的洗油能力,同时耐温抗盐性能也较易实现,因此不仅在高含水油田挖潜方面具有应用潜力,在高温高盐油藏的有效开发方面也具有良好的发展前景。其中,既具有优异的泡沫性能,又能使原油与水的界面张力降至超低的低张力泡沫驱油体系,因同时具有良好的封堵性能和洗油能力,可一次性大幅度提高三次采油效率,应用潜力巨大。针对当前社会对于环境问题高度关注、驱油体系亟待绿色化的情况,本文选择绿色表面活性剂烷基糖苷(APG)为主剂,通过研究APG的界面性质及与其他表面活性剂的相互作用,采用表面活性剂多元复配的技术路线实现泡沫性能和界面活性的同时优化,基于APG设计出了环境友好的低张力泡沫驱油体系,系统考察了体系的泡沫性能、界面活性,并对封堵能力、抗油性、吸附损失、提高采收率效果等进行了系统的评价,结果表明设计体系在以上各方面均具有优异的性能。本论文探索绿色环保型新型高效驱油体系,研究成果对三次采油技术的推广应用具有积极作用,不仅具有显著的技术价值,还具有重要的环境及社会意义。论文共分为五章。第一章综述了当前国内外三次采油技术的发展趋势,指出了泡沫驱油技术的重要前景,介绍了本论文的立题思想和意义。第二章介绍了本论文采用的研究方法。研究内容主要分为三个部分:第一部分(第三章)主要研究了绿色表面活性剂烷基糖苷的泡沫性质和油水界面活性,考察了浓度及无机盐离子等环境条件的影响,并考察了纳米微晶纤维素以及其他表面活性剂对APG性质的影响。实验结果表明,APG具有良好的起泡性,但无机盐可使其起泡性降低;APG泡沫的静态稳定性较好,但动态稳定性不佳,与纳米微晶纤维素复配后泡沫动态稳定性明显增强,并且该体系的抗盐性提高;烷基糖苷与其他表面活性剂如烷醇酰胺复配后,体系的油水界面张力显著降低,并且在无机盐浓度增大时油水界面活性进一步提高。第二部分(第四章)研究了 APG/DTAB/SDS复配体系的泡沫性能及油水界面活性,系统考察了配比、浓度及矿化度对体系泡沫性质、油/水界面活性的影响。研究结果表明,APG/DTAB/SDS复配体系的起泡性及泡沫稳定性均好于单一体系,特别是泡沫的稳定性和界面活性均随着无机盐离子浓度的增大有所提高。该体系在较大浓度和配比范围内均具有优异的泡沫性能,并可将油/水界面张力降到超低,而且在总矿化度高达32000ppm时,该体系仍保持良好性能,表明该体系在高盐油藏有较好的应用前景。第三部分(第五章)主要考察了基于APG的多元复配泡沫体系的封堵能力、抗油性、固液界面吸附损失,还采用一维物模室内模型驱油试验评价了提高原油采收率效果。研究结果表明,该体系对于较高和较低渗透率岩心均能起到较好的封堵调剖效果,可以应用于常规油藏或低渗透高盐油藏。多元复配体系在浓度较低时抗油性较差,但增加浓度抗油性相应增强;加入聚合物可提高该体系的抗油性。驱油实验结果显示,在水驱后泡沫驱总采收率提高了 25%-32%OOIP,效果明显。该三元复配体系的泡沫性能及油水界面性能优异,绿色环保,致效浓度低,在三次采油领域具有良好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Crude oil is an important national strategic resource, the social development demand for energy continues to rise, but the current major oil fields have entered the high water cut development stage, to take effective measures to improve oil recovery is of great significance. In the three beneficial to the people's livelihood recovery technology in the existing foam flooding is a kind of new chemical flooding technology due to its characteristics, not only has the selective plugging, but also has a certain ability to wash oil, at the same time, temperature and salt resistance performance is easy to realize, so it not only has the potential application in high water cut oil field, but also has a good prospect in the effective development of high temperature and high salinity reservoir. Among them, not only has excellent foam properties again, can make the interfacial tension of crude oil and water to low ultra low tension foam flooding system, because it has good plugging performance and cleaning ability, three oil recovery can greatly improve Efficiency, great potential. In view of the current social attention to environmental problems, flooding system to the green, the green surfactant alkyl polyglycoside (APG) as the main agent, the interfacial properties of APG and other surfactant interactions, optimize the foam properties and interfacial activity at the same time the technical route of surfactant multicomponent compound, APG designed the oil displacement system with low tension foam friendly environment based on the investigated foam performance, interfacial activity, and the sealing ability, oil resistance, absorption loss, improve the recovery effect of the evaluation system, the results showed that the design of system the above has excellent performance. This paper explores the green environmental protection new efficient flooding system, plays a positive role to promote the application of research results of three oil recovery technology, not only has The technology also has great value, environment and social significance. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter summarizes the current development trend of domestic and foreign three oil recovery technology, pointed out the prospect of foam flooding technology, introduces the ideas of this paper and the significance. The second chapter introduces the research methods in this paper. The research contents are mainly divided into three parts: the first part (Chapter third) foam properties and interfacial activity of green surfactant alkyl polyglycoside, the effects of concentration and inorganic salt ions and other environmental conditions, and the effects of nano microcrystalline cellulose and other surfactants on properties of APG the effect. The experimental results show that APG has good foamability, but inorganic salt can make its foaming capacity decreased; the static stability of APG foam is better, but the dynamic stability is poor, and the nano microcrystalline cellulose compound Bubble dynamic stability was enhanced, and the salt resistance of the system is improved; alkyl glucoside with other surfactants such as alkyl alcohol amide compound, the IFT decreased significantly, and further improve the interfacial activity in inorganic salt concentration increases. The second part (the fourth chapter) on the properties of APG/DTAB/SDS foam compound system and interfacial activity, investigated the ratio, concentration and salinity on the properties of foam system, oil / water interfacial activity. The results showed that APG/DTAB/SDS blends foaming capacity and foam stability were better than single system, especially the stability of foam and interfacial activity were increased with the concentration of inorganic salt ions improved. This system has excellent performance in larger bubble concentration and ratio range, and the oil / water interfacial tension decrease, and in high salinity At 32000ppm, the system can maintain good performance, show that the system has a good application prospect in high salt reservoir. The third part (the fifth chapter) mainly investigated the blocking ability, APG multicomponent compound foam system based on resistance, the solid-liquid interface adsorption loss, also using a one-dimensional physical model of indoor model test evaluation of oil displacement to improve the oil recovery effect. The results show that the system for high and low permeability cores have good plugging and profile control effect, can be used in conventional reservoir or low permeability reservoirs with high salt resistance. Poor multivariate mixed system in low concentration, but increased the concentration of anti oil increased; adding polymer this system can improve the oil resistance. The oil displacement experiment results show that the foam flooding after water flooding the total recovery rate increased by 25%-32%OOIP, the effect is obvious. The three element compound system foam properties and interfacial properties Excellent, green environmental protection, low efficiency, and has a good application prospect in the field of three oil recovery.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357.46

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