中比例甲醇汽油制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 11:27

本文关键词： 甲醇汽油稳定性腐蚀添加剂　出处：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入二十一世纪以来,我国面临日益严重的能源问题。为了缓解能源供给压力,世界能源研究机构都积极寻找清洁友好的替代能源。甲醇作为一种性能优越的新能源,越来越受到人们的关注。本论文通过大量的甲醇汽油实验和研究,确定了效果很好的添加剂,配制出稳定性能好,清洁高效的中比例甲醇汽油。开展的主要工作如下：1、开展甲醇与汽油混和物的稳定性研究。本文通过将燃油微乳化,及对表面活性剂亲水亲油平衡理论的研究,确定了甲醇汽油的稳定性添加剂。最终选定正辛醇为助溶剂,油酸/op-10体系为复合乳化剂,两组物质最佳比例为体积比1：2,添加量为0.5%。最后研究了配置的微乳化汽油的稳定状况。结果表明,在微量含水的情况下,加入稳定剂后,汽油和甲醇能够相互融合并稳定存在。2、开展了甲醇汽油对金属部件和橡胶密封材料的腐蚀研究。首先将车辆常用金属物质在甲醇汽油中进行腐蚀实验,确定了对硝基苯胺、两性咪唑啉和石油磺酸钡三种具有良好缓蚀作用的添加剂,他们的质量比为2：1：4,添加量为0.05%。通过观察金属表面的扫描电镜结果,表明配置的缓蚀剂对金属物有良好的缓蚀作用；其次将比较有代表性的丁晴橡胶进行甲醇汽油浸泡试验,选出抑制橡胶溶胀的添加剂为月桂醇、丙炔醇和二辛脂三种试剂,质量配比为1：2：2,添加量0.03%左右。3、甲醇汽油问题研究。本论文将配置的中比例甲醇汽油进行馏程实验,确定了气阻问题的改善溶剂为乙基叔丁基醚,添加量为0.3%,这样甲醇汽油的蒸发性有所改善,可满足国标燃油的要求,同时解决了相关的气阻问题。4、甲醇汽油台架发动机实验和车辆运行试验。研究表明配置的中比例甲醇汽油,符合国家燃油标准并可用于普通汽油车辆,具有很好的环保效益和推广应用价值,经济性良好。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, our country is facing more and more serious energy problems in order to relieve the pressure of energy supply. The world energy research institutions are actively looking for clean and friendly alternative energy. Methanol, as a new energy with superior performance, has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, a large number of methanol gasoline experiments and research are carried out. The additive with good effect is determined, and the middle proportion methanol gasoline with good stability and high efficiency is prepared. The main work is as follows: 1. The stability of the mixture of methanol and gasoline was studied. The microemulsification of fuel oil and the theory of hydrophilic and lipophilic equilibrium of surfactants were studied in this paper. The stability additive of methanol gasoline was determined. Finally, n-octanol was chosen as cosolvent, oleic acid / op-10 system as compound emulsifier, and the optimum ratio of the two groups was 1: 2. Finally, the stability of the micro-emulsified gasoline was studied. The results showed that the gasoline and methanol could fuse and exist steadily under the condition of small amount of water in the presence of stabilizer. The corrosion of methanol gasoline to metal parts and rubber sealing materials was studied. Firstly, the corrosion experiments of common metal substances in methanol gasoline were carried out, and the p-nitroaniline was determined. Amphoteric Imidazoline and Barium Petroleum Sulfonate are three kinds of additives with good corrosion inhibition. Their mass ratio is 2: 1: 4 and the addition amount is 0.05.The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) on the metal surface are observed. The results show that the corrosion inhibitor has good corrosion inhibition effect on metal. Secondly, the representative butadiene rubber was soaked in methanol gasoline. The additives to inhibit the swelling of rubber were lauryl alcohol, propargyl alcohol and dioctyl ester, and the mass ratio was 1: 2: 2. In this paper, the middle proportion of methanol gasoline was used for distillation experiments, and the solvent for improving the gas resistance problem was ethyl tert-#china_person0# ether. The addition amount is 0.3, so the vaporization of methanol gasoline is improved, which can meet the requirements of the national standard fuel, and solve the related gas resistance problem of .4. Methanol gasoline engine test and vehicle operation test. The results show that the middle proportion methanol gasoline can meet the national fuel standard and can be used in ordinary gasoline vehicles. It has good environmental protection benefit and application value. Good economy.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE626.21

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