TP45型履带式吊管机建模及关键构件研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 22:18

本文关键词： 吊管机有限元分析刚柔耦合试验验证　出处：《江苏科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：吊管机属于石油管道用特种起重施工设备。随着施工环境复杂程度的增加,对吊管机起吊能力的要求也不断提升。吊管机关键构件的工作状态,静、动态特性与整机性能和寿命有直接关系。另一方面为了避免工作过程中产生安全隐患和提高工作效率,所以针对吊管机关键部位进行研究分析、优化和试验验证是十分有必要的,通过这些工作还验证了设计的合理性,并且能够为大吨位吊管机设计与改进提供了指导,是具有实际意义的。本文以TP45型履带式吊管机样机为主体,首先确定了行走装置、吊臂、配重机构为本文的主要研究对象,结合吊管机的主要技术参数和关键结构的工作原理,利用三维建模技术对整机主要零部件进行建模和装配。然后通过理论计算,分析履带行走装置在实际工况中的受力,为行走装置的设计提供了理论基础。吊臂是履带式吊管机的关键部件,它的强度和重量能够影响到起吊性能的好坏。根据履带式吊管机的施工特点,以TP45型履带式吊管机吊臂为研究对象,利用ANSYS软件对其结构进行了载荷计算和有限元建模分析,通过校核等效应力值、变形量和许用值的大小,得出吊臂强度和刚度符合设计要求,最后通过试验进行验证。在此基础上,以吊臂总体积为目标函数,通过APDL语言用函数逼近法对吊臂尺寸进行优化设计,得出最优解,使设计更加合理,结果表明有限元分析方法具有一定的可行性和参考性,能够有效地避免大量的型式试验工作,对吊管机吊臂的改进和制造起到一定指导作用。配重机构作为吊管机的平衡倾翻力矩重要机构,该机构在各种工况下反复外摆和收起,其结构的合理性与关键部位强度直接影响到起吊性能的好坏以及施工作业安全性和可靠性。建立该机构模型和动力学方程后,通过导入柔性化零件建立机构的刚柔耦合模型,仿真后得到液压油缸推力随时间变化曲线和关键部位上连杆最危险时刻,对比分析试验值和理论计算值,验证仿真结果的正确性和校核了上连杆的强度。研究为样机中配重机构的设计和可靠性研究提供了指导方向。
[Abstract]:Pipe hoisting machine belongs to special lifting construction equipment for oil pipeline. With the increasing complexity of construction environment, the requirements for hoisting capacity of pipe hoisting machine are constantly raised. The dynamic characteristics are directly related to the performance and life of the whole machine. On the other hand, in order to avoid the hidden danger of safety and improve the working efficiency, the key parts of the pipe lifting machine are studied and analyzed. It is necessary to optimize and test and verify the rationality of the design, which can provide guidance for the design and improvement of the large-tonnage pipe crane. This paper takes the prototype of TP45 type crawler pipe crane as the main body, determines the walking device, the boom and the counterweight mechanism as the main research object of this paper, and combines the main technical parameters and the working principle of the key structure of the pipe crane. Using 3D modeling technology to model and assemble the main parts of the whole machine, and then through theoretical calculation, analyze the force of the crawler walking device in the actual working condition, This paper provides a theoretical basis for the design of the walking device. The boom is the key component of the crawler hoist, and its strength and weight can affect the performance of the hoisting. According to the construction characteristics of the crawler hoist, Taking the cantilever of TP45 type crawler pipe crane as the research object, the load calculation and finite element modeling analysis of the structure are carried out by using ANSYS software, and the magnitude of the equivalent effect force, deformation and allowable value are checked by checking the value of the effect force, the deformation and the allowable value. It is concluded that the strength and stiffness of the boom meet the design requirements, and finally verified by experiments. On the basis of this, the total volume of the boom is taken as the objective function, and the size of the boom is optimized by using the function approximation method in APDL language, and the optimal solution is obtained. The results show that the finite element analysis method is feasible and referential, and can effectively avoid a large number of type tests. The counterweight mechanism, as an important mechanism of balancing and overturning moment of the pipe hoisting machine, is repeatedly swung out and rearranged under various working conditions. The rationality of the structure and the strength of the key parts directly affect the performance of hoisting and the safety and reliability of the construction operation. After the establishment of the mechanism model and the dynamic equation, the rigid-flexible coupling model of the mechanism is established by introducing the flexible parts. After simulation, the curve of hydraulic cylinder thrust varying with time and the most dangerous moment of connecting rod on the key position are obtained, and the experimental value and the theoretical calculation value are compared and analyzed. The simulation results are verified and the strength of the connecting rod is checked. The research provides a guide for the design and reliability research of the counterweight mechanism in the prototype.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE973.8

【参考文献】