新型采油工程菌的构建与性能评价

发布时间：2018-02-24 18:15

  本文关键词： 采油工程菌 生物聚合物 生物表面活性剂 微生物提高采收率　出处：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速发展,对石油的需求量与日俱增。微生物采油技术具有成本低和不污染环境等优点,受到广泛关注,但目前学者的目光主要集中于对单一菌株采油效果或几种菌株复合采油效果的研究,而将基因工程方法应用于微生物采油则鲜见报道,因此有必要在这方面展开深入的研究。本文首先从产生物表面活性剂的大肠杆菌中提取出4种鼠李糖脂表达质粒,应用电击转化的方法将鼠李糖脂表达质粒转入产生物聚合物的菌株内,构建出3株能同时产生生物表面活性剂和生物聚合物的转化菌株,之后通过评价各转化菌株的产物性能,优选出一株性能最好的菌株WS2作为新型采油工程菌。然后对该菌株的适应性进行评价,实验结果表明,该菌株温度适应范围为35~75℃,pH值适应范围为5~10,稳定时间在40d以内,同时还具有良好的盐度适应性和抗剪切性能。最后对菌株WS2的驱油效果进行评价,实验结果表明,新型菌株WS2的驱油效果好于产生物聚合物菌株SP1和产生物表面活性剂菌株BS1,水驱后采收率可提高16.66%,分别比菌株SP1和BS1高出3.32%和6.43%。研究结果为微生物采油技术的推广和应用提供了理论依据与技术支持。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy in China, the demand for oil is increasing day by day. Microbial oil recovery technology has the advantages of low cost and no pollution to the environment. At present, however, the focus of scholars is mainly on the oil recovery effect of a single strain or several strains, but the application of genetic engineering to microbial oil recovery is rarely reported. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out in-depth research in this field. Firstly, four kinds of rhamnolipid expression plasmids were extracted from Escherichia coli, which produced surfactant. The expression plasmid of rhamnolipid was transferred into the polymer producing strain by electroporation method. Three transformed strains were constructed which could produce biosurfactant and biopolymer simultaneously, and then evaluated the product properties of each transformed strain. A strain WS2 with the best performance was selected as a new oil recovery engineering strain. The adaptability of the strain was evaluated. The experimental results showed that the temperature adaptation range of the strain was 35 ~ 75 鈩，

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