单管集输优化模拟程序的现场应用

发布时间：2018-03-01 04:28

本文关键词： 单管集输仿真模拟清管周期优化　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,国内大多数油田原油含蜡成分较高,为保证油田正常生产,普遍采用掺水集油的集输工艺,将热水与采出液混合的方式,保持集输管线内温度高于凝点的方式来进行集油。但随着油田开发的不断深入,油井采出液含水量以及井口出液油温升高,采出液不加热输送可以实现,油田低温集输技术得以推广应用。近年来,低温集输工艺的研究,原油集输工艺已经由掺水集输逐渐转变为不掺水、不加热集输,产液依靠采出温度输送至转油站。单管通球不掺水集油工艺已在大庆油田、长庆油田等部分区块现场应用。同常规的双管掺水集油工艺比较,影响单管集油工艺中单井的生产参数较大的因素主要是井口回压和出油温度。在单管集输工艺中,采出液沿程摩阻和温降将会会随着集油管长度的增加而增大。实际生产中具体表现为单井井口回压增高、计量间回油温度降低。同时,采出液在集输过程中不断向周围环境中散热,管壁上会出现原油中的蜡结晶以及其他组分,减小管线内部流通面积,增大集输过程中的阻力,降低管道输送能力。当管线内出现严重结蜡时,会影响采出液的流动,甚至造成凝管事故,给实际生产当中带来重大的安全隐患。因此,当结蜡到一定程度时就必须清除管壁上的蜡。单管通球不掺水集油工艺是在井口设发球装置,计量间设收球装置。管道内壁的凝油、结蜡、混合物等物质通过清管阀发射清管器进行清除以降低输油回压,减少管线腐蚀速度。通球工艺可以清除管壁上的石蜡,增强原油的流动性,降低流动的阻力,减少油田生产安全隐患。通过建立单管通球不掺水集输工艺仿真模型,确定不同产液量、含水率等情况下的通球周期,根据模型计算通球时油井回压变化,确定球是否遇阻,这对更好地保证管道畅通、实现安全生产具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:At present, the waxy composition of crude oil in most oil fields in China is relatively high. In order to ensure the normal production of oil fields, the gathering and transportation technology of water gathering oil is generally adopted, and the way of mixing hot water with produced liquid is adopted. However, with the further development of the oil field, the water content of the produced fluid and the oil temperature of the wellhead of the oil well can be increased, so that the production fluid can be transported without heating. In recent years, the research of low temperature gathering and transportation technology and crude oil gathering and transportation technology have been gradually changed from water-mixed gathering and transportation to non-mixed water and non-heating gathering and transportation, the oil field low-temperature gathering and transportation technology has been popularized and applied in recent years. The liquid production is transported to the oil transfer station on the basis of the recovery temperature. The single pipe water gathering technology without mixing water and oil has been applied in some blocks of Daqing Oilfield, Changqing Oilfield and so on. It is compared with the conventional double pipe water gathering technology. The main factors that affect the production parameters of single well in single pipe gathering process are well head pressure and production temperature. The frictional resistance and temperature drop will increase with the increase of the length of the tubing. In actual production, the return pressure at the head of the single well and the return temperature between the metering wells will decrease. In the process of gathering and transporting, the produced liquid continuously dissipates heat to the surrounding environment, and the wax crystals and other components in the crude oil will appear on the pipe wall, which will reduce the internal circulation area of the pipeline and increase the resistance in the gathering and transportation process. Reduce pipeline transportation capacity. When there is serious wax deposit in pipeline, it will affect the flow of produced liquid, even cause condensate accident, and bring great safety hidden danger to actual production. When wax is deposited to a certain extent, the wax must be removed from the pipe wall. The single pipe ball without water gathering process is to install a serve device at the well head, a ball collecting device in the metering room, and a condensing oil, wax deposit on the inner wall of the pipe. The mixture and other substances are removed by the pipe-clearing valve launcher to reduce the oil return pressure and the corrosion rate of the pipeline. Through the ball process, the paraffin wax on the pipe wall can be removed, the flow of crude oil can be enhanced, and the flow resistance can be reduced. In order to reduce the hidden trouble of oil field production safety, by establishing the simulation model of single pipe ball without mixing water gathering and transportation technology, determining the pass cycle of oil well under the condition of different liquid yield and water cut, according to the model, calculating the oil well back pressure change and determining whether the ball is blocked or not, This has important practical significance to ensure the smooth flow of pipeline and realize safe production.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE866

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