煤层气集气站PLC控制系统设计

发布时间：2018-03-03 11:46

本文选题：煤层气集气站　切入点：硬件组态通讯　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：煤层气是近年来在国际上崛起的新兴洁净、优质能源。煤层气的定义可以表述为主要成分以甲烷为主、存在形式一般是吸附在煤基质颗粒表面、储存在煤层中的烃类气体。煤层气的开发利用在各方面都具有很多的好处：一方面它是一种洁净的能源,与天然气混输混用,几乎不会产生任何废气。另一方面煤层气很安全,在采煤之前先开采煤层气,可以大幅度的降低瓦斯爆炸概率。由于煤层气的热值远远高出通用煤,可以更高效的转化为可以使用的热能,因此煤层气具有巨大的商业价值。基于煤层气的多个优势,煤层气开采成为一项极其有意义的项目。煤层气集气站作为煤层气开采的基础构建,如何更为合理高效的对集气站进行监控管理也就显得尤为重要。基于此,本文研究设计了煤层气集气站PLC控制系统。通过对冗余技术的研究和设计有效增加本集气站控制系统的可靠性。冗余上位机系统以及最新冗余PLC S7-400 H的使用将实现监测画面的无扰动切换,断电数据不丢失的无缝连接。本文完成了硬件配置、软件编程、上位机平台搭建的全套研究工作。S7-400 H硬件组态与通讯过程为整个集气站控制系统的设计研究做好了硬件准备。学习研究各个硬件模块的功能及使用方法,完成了对40余个硬件的组装配置和与上位机间的通讯。并进行了硬件配置情况的测试工作以验证设备是否可以正常运行。在STEP7平台上使用FBD功能块编程方式编写下位机PLC程序完成采集现场数据并与上位机对应的参数数据进行匹配连接的工作。通过学习PLC工程量转换方法编写程序功能块加快了程序运行速度,实现程序的模块化与简洁化。完成了使对应端口数据上传显示到上位机界面,并可通过上位机控制现场数据的工作。上位机煤层气集气站数据采集及监控平台开发依托组态软件WinCC进行平台监控界面的设计与实现。完成了本煤层气集气站监控平台HMI中变量管理、界面编辑、报警功能、生成报表以及用户管理等功能使用。设计出了一套界面友好的、直观易于操作的监控系统平台。从而达到便于进行实时监测现场设备参数状态、方便快捷的实现报警并且生成报表等多种功能的目的。本文整体完成了煤层气集气站PLC控制系统的研究设计,实现了一套集合硬件与软件可直接应用于工艺现场的设备,课题研究具有一定的实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Coalbed methane (CBM) is a new and clean and high quality energy source rising up internationally in recent years. The definition of CBM can be described as methane as the main component, which exists in the form of adsorption on the surface of coal matrix particles. Hydrocarbon gases stored in coal seams. The exploitation and utilization of coalbed methane has many benefits in many ways: on the one hand, it is a clean energy source mixed with natural gas, and it produces almost no exhaust gas. On the other hand, coalbed methane is very safe. Mining coal bed methane before coal mining can greatly reduce the probability of gas explosion. Since the calorific value of coal bed methane is far higher than that of common coal, it can be converted more efficiently into usable heat energy. Therefore, CBM has great commercial value. Based on the advantages of CBM, CBM mining has become an extremely meaningful project. How to monitor and manage gas gathering stations more reasonably and efficiently is particularly important. The PLC control system of coalbed gas collecting station is studied and designed in this paper. Through the research and design of redundancy technology, the reliability of the control system of this gas collecting station is improved effectively. The redundant upper computer system and the use of the latest redundant PLC S7-400H will be realized. Now monitor the screen without disturbance switching, This paper completes the hardware configuration, software programming, The hardware configuration and communication process of S7-400H has made the hardware preparation for the design and research of the control system of the whole gas gathering station. More than 40 hardware have been assembled and communicated with the host computer, and the hardware configuration has been tested to verify whether the equipment can run normally. The programming mode of FBD function block is used on STEP7 platform. The PLC program of the lower computer completes the work of collecting the field data and matching and connecting with the corresponding parameter data of the upper computer. By studying the method of PLC engineering quantity conversion, the program function block can accelerate the running speed of the program. To achieve the modularization and simplicity of the program. Completed the corresponding port data upload and display to the upper computer interface, The design and realization of the monitoring interface of the platform based on the configuration software WinCC is carried out, and the monitoring of the CBM gas collection station is completed by the development of the data acquisition and monitoring platform of the upper computer coal bed methane collection station. Variable management in HMI, Interface editing, alarm function, report generation and user management are used. A set of interface friendly, intuitionistic and easy to operate monitoring system platform is designed. In this paper, the research and design of PLC control system for CBM gas collecting station is completed, and a set of hardware and software is realized, which can be directly applied to the process site. The research of this subject has certain practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE978;TP273

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