油井产出液预脱水用新型水力旋流器的设计与特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 09:12

本文选题：油井产出液　切入点：预脱水　出处：《北京石油化工学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着油田进入开采的中后期,油井产出液中的含水率日益升高,给后续油气集输处理环节带来了较大压力,采用传统的容器式重力分离技术来实现产出液预脱水由于分离效率低、投资成本高等原因受到较大限制;此外,随着海洋油气资源的大力开发,受限于海上平台甲板空间和载重能力,传统处理方法和容器式重力分离设备难以满足设计施工要求,因此研究开发结构紧凑、性能高效的油井产出液预脱水技术意义重大。本文在系统总结油水分离用静态水力旋流器研究及应用进展情况的基础上,以轴向入口水力旋流器作为研究对象,结合常规切向入口水力旋流器的设计方法,提出了轴向入口水力旋流器的结构设计思路,借助计算流体动力学(CFD)软件FLUENT验证了可行性,并通过数值正交试验研究了部分结构参数对分离性能的影响。基于建立的结构设计方法,设计了处理量为30m3/h的轴向入口水力旋流器工程样机,借助FLUENT软件、通过单因素数值试验探究了主要结构参数对分离性能的影响,筛选得到了最优结构参数组合,并基于该最优参数组合探究了不同操作参数对分离性能的影响。根据单因素数值试验结果,采用响应曲面法(RSM)对影响分离性能的主要结构参数进行优化,得到工程样机的整体最优结构参数组合。为了评估轴向入口水力旋流器的分离特性,同时为工程样机的现场试验提供参考,设计研制了小处理量室内试验样机。首先比较了高含油油水混合液的不同配制方案,并最终确定贴近工程实际的方案;其次,研究了处理量、分流比和出水口背压对分离性能的影响,得到轴向入口水力旋流器运行时的最优处理量和分流比范围。结果表明,处理量在100%~120%设计处理量、分流比在10%~15%入口进液量时,分离效果较好。为了解决试验过程中出水口含油浓度较高的问题,采取增加小锥段长度的改进措施,有效改善了分离效果。本文的理论分析和实验研究工作为油井产出液预脱水用轴向入口水力旋流器的研制提供了技术参考,为下一步产品的工程化和系列化开发奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:With the oil field entering the middle and late stage of production, the water cut in the oil well output fluid is increasing day by day, which brings great pressure to the subsequent oil and gas gathering and transportation processing. Because of the low separation efficiency and high investment cost, the traditional container gravity separation technology is used to realize the pre-dehydration of the output liquid. In addition, with the development of marine oil and gas resources, Limited by the deck space and load capacity of offshore platform, traditional treatment methods and container gravity separation equipment are difficult to meet the requirements of design and construction, so the research and development structure is compact. It is of great significance to pre-dewatering the oil well output liquid with high performance. On the basis of systematically summarizing the research and application progress of the static hydrocyclone for oil-water separation, the axial inlet hydrocyclone is taken as the research object in this paper. Combined with the design method of conventional tangential inlet hydrocyclone, the structural design idea of axial inlet hydrocyclone is put forward. The feasibility is verified by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT. The influence of some structural parameters on the separation performance is studied by numerical orthogonal test. Based on the established structural design method, an axial inlet hydrocyclone engineering prototype with a handling capacity of 30 m3 / h is designed, and the FLUENT software is used. The influence of the main structural parameters on the separation performance was investigated by single factor numerical experiments, and the optimal combination of structural parameters was obtained. Based on the optimal parameter combination, the influence of different operating parameters on the separation performance is explored. According to the results of single-factor numerical experiments, the main structural parameters affecting the separation performance are optimized by using the response surface method (RSM). In order to evaluate the separation characteristics of axial inlet hydrocyclone and to provide a reference for the field test of the engineering prototype, the overall optimal structural parameter combination of the engineering prototype is obtained. In this paper, the laboratory prototype of small treatment capacity is designed and developed. Firstly, the different preparation schemes of high oil, oil and water mixture are compared, and the scheme that is close to the engineering practice is finally determined; secondly, the treatment capacity is studied. The effect of flow ratio and outlet back pressure on the separation performance is obtained. The optimal treatment capacity and distribution ratio range of axial inlet hydrocyclone are obtained. The results show that when the treatment capacity is 100% and the flow ratio is 10% or 15%, the designed treatment capacity is 100% and the flow ratio is 10% or 15%. The separation effect is good. In order to solve the problem of high oil concentration in the outlet during the test, the improvement measures are taken to increase the length of the small cone section. The theoretical analysis and experimental research in this paper provide a technical reference for the development of axial inlet hydrocyclone for pre-dehydration of oil well output liquid and lay a foundation for the engineering and serialization development of the next product.
【学位授予单位】：北京石油化工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X741;TE95

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