井下环空防喷器胶筒密封性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 10:03

本文选题：井下环空防喷器　切入点：胶筒　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自二十世纪中叶,随着世界经济的快速发展,对石油等能源的需求急剧上升,因此对石油的开采量快速增加。随着钻井数量的增加,在钻井过程中井喷失控事故时有发生,成为了威胁钻井安全的最大因素。井口防喷器已经被广泛的应用于钻井施工中,为了能快速的从源头附近阻止井喷的发生,井下防喷器就应运而生。井下防喷器是一种应用在井下,防止钻井过程中发生井喷的井控工具,该设备安装在钻杆之间。井下环空防喷器主要作用是在发生井涌或井喷时,阻止环空中的液体向井口流动,从而阻止井喷失控的发生。胶筒是环空防喷器主要的密封元件,其密封性能的好坏直接决定着井下环空防喷器是否能正常工作。为了提高环空防喷器的密封性能,使其在防止发生井喷失控上起到良好的作用,针对井下环空防喷器胶筒密封性能的研究就显得十分重要。本文着重研究井下环空防喷器压缩式胶筒的密封性能。本文以FPQ-178型井下防喷器胶筒为例,利用柔性密封理论,以分析胶筒工作时的受力为基础,对影响井下环空防喷器胶筒密封性能的因素进行了分析。对胶筒所用橡胶材料的试验数据进行拟合,选择确定本构方程,评估和预测材料在不同工况下的力学行为,从而探求对橡胶材料合理的评价方法。并在对影响橡胶密封性能因素进行分析的基础上,结合井下环空防喷器的实际情况提出了评价井下环空防喷器胶筒密封性能的评价方法。运用有限元分析的方法,对影响胶筒密封性能的各项因素进行了仿真分析。得到了胶筒的厚度、长度、摩擦因数、加载方式和橡胶硬度对胶筒密封性能的影响。并分析了压缩式胶筒在套管井壁和裸眼井壁中的密封性能。提出了新的防突装置,并与无防突装置胶筒的密封性能进行了对比。通过以上分析,得出了各因素对胶筒密封性能影响的程度,从而为提高井下防喷器的密封性能提供了理论依据。依据井下环空防喷器胶筒工作的实际情况,胶筒需要实现较大的膨胀量和接触应力,提出钢带与橡胶复合的新型胶筒。对钢带的结构进行了优化,并运用有限元分析软件,对复合胶筒在不同工况下的密封性能进行了研究。得出了增大坐封载荷可以有效的增加胶筒的接触应力、复合胶筒的接触应力要远大于同等工况下的非复合胶筒等结论。通过对井下环空防喷器胶筒密封性能的分析,采用以下方式可以有效增加胶筒的密封性能：1、选择合适的胶筒厚度与长度；2、对胶筒加载双向坐封载荷；3、增加有效的防突装置；4、在结构允许的情况下增加坐封载荷；5、使用复合式胶筒等。
[Abstract]:Since the middle of twentieth Century, with the rapid development of world economy, the oil demand is rising sharply, so the exploitation of oil is increasing rapidly. With the increase of the number of drilling, in the process of drilling blowout accidents have occurred, has become the biggest threat to drilling safety. The blowout preventer has been widely used in the drilling process, in order to quickly stop the blowout occurred near the source, underground blowout preventer is made. Downhole BOP is an application in the underground, prevent blowout in the process of drilling well control tools, the equipment is installed in the drill pipe. The underground ring air preventer mainly in the well kick or blowout, prevent the annulus liquid to the wellhead flow, thereby preventing blowout occurred. Rubber sealing element is the main air ring preventer, the sealing performance directly determines the underground Air ring preventer is able to work properly. In order to improve the sealing performance of ring air jet, which in preventing the occurrence of blowout out of control play a good role, according to the research of underground air defense ring preventer rubber sealing performance of the sealing performance is very important. This paper focuses on the research of underground air defense ring preventer compression type rubber cylinder.
In this paper, FPQ-178 type downhole blowout preventer rubber tube as an example, the use of flexible sealing rubber barrel theory, to analyze the work force as the foundation, the influence factors of underground air defense ring preventer rubber sealing performance was analyzed. The experimental data of rubber material used for rubber tube fitting, choose the constitutive equations, mechanical behavior assessment and prediction of material under different working conditions, in order to explore the evaluation methods of rubber materials and reasonable. This paper analyzes the factors influence on rubber sealing performance, combined with the actual situation of the underground ring air jet method of evaluation of the sealing performance evaluation of underground air defense ring preventer rubber tube.
Using the method of finite element analysis, the factor effect on rubber sealing performance was simulated and analyzed. The thickness of the rubber tube, the length, friction coefficient, impact loading and the rubber hardness on the sealing performance of the rubber cylinder. And analysis of the sealing performance of compression type rubber cylinder casing in the borehole and the naked eye in the wall put forward a new anti bursting device, and compared with the sealing property of the non outburst prevention device of rubber barrel. Through the above analysis, the various factors influence on the sealing performance of the rubber cylinder, thus providing a theoretical basis for improving the sealing performance of BOP underground.
According to the actual situation of underground air defense ring preventer rubber tube work, rubber cylinder need to achieve expansion and contact stress is large, the steel and rubber composite type rubber. The strip steel structure was optimized, and the use of finite element analysis software, the sealing performance of the composite rubber cylinder under different working conditions are the research concluded that increasing sit sealing load can effectively increase the contact stress of the rubber cylinder, composite rubber contact stress is much larger than the composite rubber results under the same condition.
Through the analysis of underground air defense ring preventer rubber sealing performance, by using the following methods can effectively increase the sealing performance: 1, select the rubber tube thickness and appropriate length; 2, two-way sit sealing load on rubber loading; 3, increase the bursting proof device effectively; 4, the structure allowed under the condition of increasing setting load; 5, the use of composite rubber.

【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE931.1

【参考文献】