重力作用下带有积累容腔的开槽过滤器过滤特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 00:25

  本文选题：计算流体力学(CFD)　切入点：过滤　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：采用井下管滤网(过滤器)的过滤过程不仅将对被过滤液体的质量有极大影响,还能够延长井下工具,泵和井的使用年限。开槽过滤器作为高效低价的原油抽取工具,现在被广泛应用于油田中。开槽过滤器的使用效果受其结构参数的影响极大,比如,开槽形状、尺寸宽度和开槽个数。同时,固体颗粒的形状和大小等参数和其在过滤流中的分布对过滤效果也有影响。本文的主要目的是研究在安装了带有积累室的过滤器内部的流动特性,以及重力作用下固体粒子的行为和分布。这项研究是井用过滤器和其他井下工具稳妥设计的基础。本文计算了带有积累室的开槽过滤器的几何特性并且给出了其在井中安装的简图。基于牛顿运动定律,建立了过滤流中固体粒子所受外力的数学描述并分析了流动中粒子运动的三种情形。在实验设定条件下测试一个开槽过滤器,采用高速摄像相机对流动特性进行可视化研究。利用PIV技术计算固体流速向量场。建立了装有开槽过滤器的几何模型、利用Gambit 2.2划分网格并用ANSYS FLUENT 13.0软件进行仿真。在CFD仿真中选择一个两相欧拉模型并且针对各相建立了一个标准k-e模型。研究被测横截面的在稳定和不稳定状态时的固体向量速度场和固体体积分数。仿真和试验研究表明。带有积累室的开槽过滤器的性能由出口区域的固体体积分数决定。被过滤液体中的固体体积分数由入口流速的大小决定。不同入口流速下,在积累室中固体体积分数的积累证实了积累室可以在开槽过滤器中起到附加过滤的功能。这种现象由作用在固体粒子上的重力产生。实验结果和CFD仿真结果之间具有很好地一致性。然而,由于CFD和PIV过程的误差,两个结果之间尚有一些细微的不同。本文给出了带有积累室的开槽过滤器的井的流动结构以及重力场下的固体粒子的行为与分布的理解。另外,本研究还发现即使开槽宽度大于(3倍以上)固体粒子的大小,开槽过滤器仍然可以有效工作。本文为高效井下过滤器的设计提出了理论依据。本文的研究的结果能够被运用在许多行业中,比如石油和水的生产,净化水等等。
[Abstract]:The process of using downhole tube filter (filter) will not only have a great impact on the quality of the filtered liquid, but also prolong the service life of downhole tools, pumps and wells. Slotted filters are now widely used in oil fields. The use of slotted filters is greatly affected by their structural parameters, such as slot shape, size, width, and number of slots. The shape and size of solid particles and their distribution in the filtration flow also affect the filtration effect. The main purpose of this paper is to study the flow characteristics inside the filter with an accumulation chamber. And the behavior and distribution of solid particles under gravity. This study is the basis for the safe design of well filters and other downhole tools. In this paper, the geometric characteristics of slotted filters with accumulators are calculated and given. Schematic diagrams for installation in wells. Based on Newton's laws of motion, The mathematical description of the external force of solid particles in the filter flow is established and three cases of particle motion in the flow are analyzed. A slotted filter is tested under the experimental conditions. The flow characteristics are visualized by high speed camera. The solid velocity vector field is calculated by using PIV technology. The geometric model with slotted filter is established. Gambit 2.2 was used to mesh and ANSYS FLUENT 13.0 software was used to simulate. In the CFD simulation, a two-phase Euler model was selected and a standard k-e model was established for each phase. The stable and unstable states of the cross-section were studied. Simulation and experimental studies show that the performance of slotted filters with accumulation chambers is determined by the solid volume fraction in the outlet region. The solid volume fraction in the filtered liquid is determined by the input of the solid volume fraction in the filtered liquid. The size of the velocity of the mouth is determined. At different inlet velocities, The accumulation of solid volume fraction in the accumulation chamber proves that the accumulation chamber can act as an additional filter in the slotted filter. This phenomenon is caused by the gravity acting on the solid particle. With good consistency. However, Due to the errors in the CFD and PIV processes, there are some slight differences between the two results. The flow structure of the well with a slotted filter with an accumulation chamber and the understanding of the behavior and distribution of solid particles in the gravity field are given in this paper. It was also found that even though the slotted width is more than three times larger than the width of the slotted, the size of the solid particles, Slotted filters can still work effectively. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the design of high efficiency downhole filters. The results of this paper can be used in many industries, such as oil and water production, water purification and so on.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE93
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本文编号：1608799