复合隔热内衬油管技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-03-14 14:16

本文选题：隔热油管　切入点：井筒温度分布　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：油管输运中普遍存在析蜡、结垢、凝管及堵塞现象,尤其在我国北部油田,冬季极低的温度使得井筒产出的原油,在地面管线中流动时的温度远远低于其结蜡点,造成析蜡、凝管等现象,给原本粘度较高的液体流动增添更大的阻力,在很大程度上严重影响了管道输送能力和输送效率。目前在我国东北及西北部油田中广泛使用的是三管伴输工艺,即使用加热管对地面管线进行加热,以减少由于管线裸露在外所造成的热量损失,确保原油在其中的流动。但是三管伴输技术工艺复杂,成本较高,在如今的低油价时代不利于油田的节能高效开发。为了解决上述问题,本文从井筒入手,首次提出了对井筒进行隔热保温,以达到使井口产出液具有较高温度的目的。开展针对井筒温度分布模型的研究,建立了复合隔热内衬油管模型,给出了包括复合隔热内衬油管的基础结构、传热过程、具体参数计算以及部分参数的修正方法;建立了井筒传热模型,对井筒内部、井筒与地层之间的能量转换规律以及地层的热阻进行计算;给出机抽开采工艺下的井筒温度场计算方法,在对垂直井筒热阻进行计算的基础上,设计了适用于常规有杆泵的垂直井筒温度场设计程序,通过优选井口温度,提出复合隔热内衬油管最佳铺设方案。减少了地面管线加热输送流程,避免析蜡、凝管等现象的发生,确保油田的稳定生产。并且此技术工艺简单、易操作、大大节省了材料和成本,特别有利于当今低油价时代的节能增效开发,对保证油井正常生产,对实现油田高效长远、合理开发、节能降耗具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Wax evolution, scaling, condensation and blockage are common in tubing transportation. Especially in the northern oil fields of China, the extremely low temperature in winter makes the crude oil produced in the wellbore far lower than its waxing point when flowing in the surface pipeline, resulting in wax analysis. The phenomena such as condensate pipes add greater resistance to the flow of liquid with high viscosity, and to a great extent seriously affect the pipeline transportation capacity and transport efficiency. At present, the three-pipe tracing technology is widely used in the oil fields of northeast and northwest of China. Even if the heating pipe is used to heat the surface pipeline to reduce the heat loss caused by the exposed pipeline, and to ensure the flow of crude oil in the pipeline, the technology of the three-pipe transportation is complicated and the cost is high. In the era of low oil price, it is not conducive to the energy saving and efficient development of oil fields. In order to solve the above problems, this paper, starting with the wellbore, put forward for the first time heat insulation and insulation of the wellbore. In order to make the wellhead liquid have a higher temperature, the research on wellbore temperature distribution model is carried out, and the model of compound thermal insulation liner tubing is established, and the basic structure and heat transfer process are given. The heat transfer model of wellbore is established to calculate the energy conversion law and the thermal resistance of the formation inside the wellbore and between the wellbore and the formation. Based on the calculation of vertical wellbore thermal resistance, the design program of vertical wellbore temperature field suitable for conventional rod pump is designed, and the wellhead temperature is selected by optimizing the wellhead temperature. This paper puts forward the best laying scheme of compound heat insulation lining oil pipe. It reduces the heating and transportation flow of surface pipeline, avoids the occurrence of wax precipitation and condensing pipe, and ensures the stable production of oil field. The technology is simple and easy to operate. It can save material and cost greatly, especially benefit the energy saving and efficiency development in the era of low oil price. It is of great significance to ensure the normal production of oil wells, to realize the high efficiency and long term development of oil fields, and to save energy and reduce consumption.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE973

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